A nurse is reviewing blood pressure classifications with a group of nurses at an in-service meeting. Which of the following should the nurse include as a risk factor for the development of hypertension?
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) level of 70 mg/dL
A diet high in potassium
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)
Taking benazepril
The Correct Answer is C
A. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) level of 70 mg/dL: Having a high HDL level is generally considered a protective factor against cardiovascular disease, including hypertension.
B. A diet high in potassium: A diet high in potassium is often associated with a lower risk of hypertension. Potassium helps balance sodium levels and supports healthy blood pressure.
C. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA): This is the correct answer. Obstructive sleep apnea is a known risk factor for hypertension. The repeated episodes of interrupted breathing during sleep can contribute to increased blood pressure.
D. Taking benazepril: Benazepril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor commonly used to treat hypertension. While it is used to manage high blood pressure, taking the medication itself is not a risk factor for developing hypertension.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. A friction rub:A friction rub is a sound caused by the rubbing of inflamed pericardial layers and is not classified as a heart sound like S1 or S2. It is unrelated to the sequence of heart sounds.
B. A split second heart sound S₂:A split S₂ occurs during the closure of the aortic and pulmonary valves and is heard after S1, not before.
C. The third heart sound (S3):S3, or the ventricular gallop, occurs shortly after S2 during early diastole and indicates rapid ventricular filling. It is not heard before S1.
D. The fourth heart sound (S4):S4, known as the "atrial gallop," occurs just before S1 during atrial contraction. It is associated with a stiff or hypertrophied ventricle and is often indicative of underlying heart disease, especially in older adults.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Foot ulcers: Foot ulcers are more commonly associated with the later stages of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) when there is significant impairment of blood flow to the extremities, leading to tissue damage and delayed wound healing.
B. Intermittent claudication: This is the correct answer. Intermittent claudication is a classic symptom of PAD in the early stage. It is characterized by cramping leg pain or discomfort that occurs during physical activity, such as walking, and is relieved by rest. It is caused by insufficient blood flow to meet the demands of the muscles during exercise.
C. Rest pain: Rest pain is typically a symptom of more advanced PAD. It occurs when blood flow is severely compromised even at rest, leading to pain in the affected extremity that is not relieved by activity.
D. Dependent rubor: Dependent rubor is a sign of severe PAD and occurs when the foot or leg becomes red or flushed when in a dependent position. It is associated with compromised arterial blood flow.
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