A nurse is teaching a preoperative patient how to use an incentive spirometer. Which instruction should be included in the education to the patient?
Encourage the patient to perform incentive spirometry at least once a shift.
Instruct the patient to inhale normally and then place the lips securely around the mouthpiece and exhale quickly.
Instruct the patient to inhale slowly and as deeply as possible through the mouthpiece without using the nose.
Instruct the patient to exhale slowly as possible through the mouthpiece without using the nose.
The Correct Answer is C
The correct answer is choice C. Instruct the patient to inhale slowly and as deeply as possible through the mouthpiece without using the nose. Preoperative teaching on how to use an incentive spirometer is important to prevent postoperative respiratory complications such as atelectasis and pneumonia. Inhaling slowly and as deeply as possible through the mouthpiece without using the nose helps to open up the alveoli, promoting oxygen exchange in the lungs. The patient should be instructed to hold their breath for 3-5 seconds before exhaling slowly through the mouthpiece. The procedure should be repeated 10 times every hour while awake.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
The correct answer is choice D. The nurse would explain to the patient that SCDs work by filling with air and applying intermittent or sequential pressure to the legs to enhance blood flow and venous return. This can help prevent blood clots, such as DVT, from forming in the legs. SCDs are often used for patients who are immobile, such as those who have undergone surgery or who are hospitalized for a medical condition. The device is comfortable to wear and can be adjusted to fit the patient's size and shape. The nurse would also explain the importance of wearing the device as prescribed, and how to properly use and care for it. By using SCDs as directed, the patient can significantly reduce their risk of developing a potentially life-threatening blood clot.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The correct answer is choice A. By asking for a sitter to stay at the bedside to keep the client company and minimize the risk for falls, the nurse is demonstrating the ethical principle of nonmaleficence. Nonmaleficence refers to the duty to do no harm to the client, and in this case, the nurse is taking proactive steps to prevent harm to the client by ensuring their safety and well-being. Veracity (choice B) refers to the principle of truthfulness and honesty in communication, fidelity (choice C) refers to the principle of keeping promises and maintaining trust in the nurse-client relationship, and beneficence (choice D) refers to the principle of promoting good and doing what is in the best interest of the client. While all of these principles are important in nursing practice, the nurse in this scenario is primarily demonstrating nonmaleficence by taking action to prevent harm to the client.
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