A nurse is teaching an adolescent how to manage his cystic fibrosis. Which of the following statements by the adolescent indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"I will be excused from physical education class."

"I will increase my intake of vitamin D."

"I will limit my calcium intake to prevent kidney stones."

"I will take fewer enzymes when I eat high-fat foods."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. "I will be excused from physical education class." Exercise is encouraged for children with cystic fibrosis (CF) because it helps clear mucus from the lungs and improves overall lung function.

B. "I will increase my intake of vitamin D." People with CF have difficulty absorbing fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K) due to pancreatic insufficiency. Vitamin D supplementation is essential to prevent deficiencies and support bone health.

C. "I will limit my calcium intake to prevent kidney stones." CF patients are at risk for osteoporosis due to malabsorption of calcium and vitamin D, so they should increase, not limit, their calcium intake.

D. "I will take fewer enzymes when I eat high-fat foods." CF patients require pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT) with every meal and snack to aid digestion. More enzymes, not fewer, are needed for high-fat meals to properly digest and absorb nutrients.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. "It is okay to blame others for your feelings." Blaming others is a negative coping mechanism that does not help the child manage emotions in a healthy way.
B. "When you feel angry and overwhelmed, take some deep breaths." Deep breathing is a positive coping strategy that helps reduce stress and manage emotions effectively.
C. "Take a break from group activities when you are stressed." Social support is an important stress reliever, and withdrawing from activities may lead to isolation and worsen stress.
D. "Keep your strong feelings to yourself." Bottling up emotions can lead to increased stress and anxiety. Children should be encouraged to express their feelings in a healthy way.

A. Lifts head 45° when lying prone B. Rolls over from back to abdomen C. No head lag when pulled into a sitting position D. Rolls over from abdomen to back

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "Lifts head 45° when lying prone." By 2 months of age, infants begin lifting their heads about 45 degrees while on their stomachs, which is an early sign of developing neck and upper body strength.
B. "Rolls over from back to abdomen." Rolling from back to abdomen typically occurs around 6 months of age.
C. "No head lag when pulled into a sitting position." Head lag is still present at 2 months, but it gradually disappears by 4 months as neck muscles strengthen.
D. "Rolls over from abdomen to back." Rolling from abdomen to back typically occurs around 4 months of age, followed by rolling from back to abdomen at about 6 months.

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A nurse is teaching an adolescent how to manage his cystic fibrosis. Which of the following statements by the adolescent indicates an understanding of the teaching?

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