A nurse is providing teaching to a 14-year-old adolescent who has a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the adolescent indicates an understanding of the teaching?
"The blood pressure medicine I'm taking will help to keep my insulin level low."
"I will increase my food intake before I exercise."
"As long as I take my insulin, I can eat whatever I want."
"As I get older, my sugar levels will automatically decrease."
The Correct Answer is B
A. "The blood pressure medicine I'm taking will help to keep my insulin level low." This is incorrect. Blood pressure medications do not regulate insulin levels.
B. "I will increase my food intake before I exercise." Exercise can lower blood glucose levels, increasing the risk of hypoglycemia. Eating a snack before exercise helps prevent this.
C. "As long as I take my insulin, I can eat whatever I want." Proper dietary management is essential in diabetes to maintain stable blood glucose levels.
D. "As I get older, my sugar levels will automatically decrease." Blood glucose levels require active management and do not decrease automatically with age.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. "You should consider finding other hobbies to participate in instead of sports." Avoiding sports altogether is not necessary for children with asthma. Many children with well-managed asthma can safely participate in sports with proper precautions.
B. "You shouldn't feel frustrated, because you can find other options for exercise." This response dismisses the child's feelings instead of acknowledging them and providing a solution.
C. "You will be able to exercise if you use your peak expiratory flow meter twice per day." While monitoring peak expiratory flow (PEF) is important for asthma management, it does not directly enable participation in sports.
D. "You can participate in sports if you use your rescue inhaler before practice or games." Using a short-acting bronchodilator (such as albuterol) before exercise is a common strategy to prevent exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, allowing children with asthma to safely participate in sports.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. "Decreased respiratory rate." Moderate dehydration typically causes tachypnea (increased respiratory rate), not a decreased respiratory rate. This is the body's response to metabolic acidosis caused by fluid loss.
B. "Bulging anterior fontanel." A bulging anterior fontanel is a sign of increased intracranial pressure, not dehydration. Dehydration typically causes a sunken fontanel due to fluid loss.
C. "Mottled skin." Mottled skin can be a sign of severe dehydration or shock, but it is not a definitive indicator of moderate dehydration.
D. "Capillary refill 3 seconds." A capillary refill time of 2–3 seconds is indicative of moderate dehydration. In severe dehydration, capillary refill would be greater than 4 seconds.
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