A nurse is teaching clients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) about foods to avoid. Which foods should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)
Chocolate
Decaffeinated coffee
Citrus fruits
Peppermint
Tomato sauce
Correct Answer : A,C,D,E
A. Chocolate contains methylxanthines, which relax the lower esophageal sphincter, promoting acid reflux.
B. Decaffeinated coffee is less acidic than regular coffee but can still stimulate acid production; however, it is not as commonly restricted as other trigger foods.
C. Citrus fruits are acidic and can irritate the esophagus, worsening GERD symptoms.
D. Peppermint relaxes the lower esophageal sphincter, making reflux more likely.
E. Tomato sauce is highly acidic and a known trigger for GERD symptoms.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Epigastric discomfort is a common symptom of peptic ulcer disease but not immediately life-threatening.
B. Dyspepsia (indigestion) is also a typical and non-urgent symptom of PUD.
C. Constipation may result from decreased activity or opioid use, but it is not a priority in this context.
D. Hematemesis (vomiting blood) indicates active gastrointestinal bleeding, which is a potentially life-threatening complication of peptic ulcers and requires immediate intervention.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Droplet precautions are used for infections spread through respiratory droplets (e.g., influenza), which is not the mode of transmission for hepatitis C.
B. Contact precautions are necessary for organisms spread by direct touch (e.g., MRSA), but hepatitis C is not spread this way in routine care.
C. Airborne precautions are for diseases like tuberculosis or measles that spread via airborne particles, which is not the case for hepatitis C.
D. Standard precautions are appropriate for hepatitis C, as it is a bloodborne virus. Proper hand hygiene and the use of gloves when handling blood or body fluids are sufficient.
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