A nurse notes in the client's health history a diagnosis of hepatitis B. Which of the following activities would most likely put the client at risk for this illness?
Worked for a month in an undeveloped area in Mexico four months ago
Attended an ecological conference in a large metropolitan area a month ago
Assisted in the emergency birth of a baby two weeks ago
Had a small tattoo on the arm three months ago
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: Working in undeveloped areas increases general infection risk, but hepatitis B specifically requires blood or fluid exposure, less likely without direct contact.
Choice B reason: Attending a conference poses low hepatitis B risk, as it’s not spread by casual contact, requiring blood or sexual transmission, not typical here.
Choice C reason: Assisting in birth involves fluid exposure, but two weeks is too short for hepatitis B symptoms; incubation is 45-180 days, so unlikely.
Choice D reason: Tattooing with unsterile needles risks hepatitis B via bloodborne transmission, matching the 90-day incubation period, the most likely risk here.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Epigastric fullness may suggest variceal pressure, but combativeness isn’t typical early bleeding; it’s more neurological, not a direct blood loss sign.
Choice B reason: Yellow sclera and hypoalbuminemia reflect liver dysfunction, not acute bleeding; hypertension contradicts blood loss, which lowers pressure initially.
Choice C reason: Bradycardia and lethargy occur late in severe hypovolemia, not early; hypotension fits bleeding but isn’t paired with early compensatory signs here.
Choice D reason: Tachycardia compensates for early blood loss in varices, restlessness reflects hypoxia, and pallor shows reduced perfusion, all classic initial bleeding indicators.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Maintaining oxygen saturation helps symptoms but doesn’t diagnose the cause (e.g., MI), delaying critical evaluation of atypical pain and dyspnea.
Choice B reason: Ibuprofen relieves pain but risks bleeding in potential MI, not addressing cardiac etiology of jaw, back pain, and shortness of breath urgently.
Choice C reason: Acetaminophen eases pain but doesn’t assess or treat potential cardiac ischemia, missing the diagnostic priority for these MI-like symptoms.
Choice D reason: An EKG identifies cardiac ischemia (e.g., MI) in atypical pain (jaw, back), dyspnea, and nausea, guiding urgent treatment, the priority action here.
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