A nurse notes in the client's health history a diagnosis of hepatitis B. Which of the following activities would most likely put the client at risk for this illness?
Worked for a month in an undeveloped area in Mexico four months ago
Attended an ecological conference in a large metropolitan area a month ago
Assisted in the emergency birth of a baby two weeks ago
Had a small tattoo on the arm three months ago
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: Working in undeveloped areas increases general infection risk, but hepatitis B specifically requires blood or fluid exposure, less likely without direct contact.
Choice B reason: Attending a conference poses low hepatitis B risk, as it’s not spread by casual contact, requiring blood or sexual transmission, not typical here.
Choice C reason: Assisting in birth involves fluid exposure, but two weeks is too short for hepatitis B symptoms; incubation is 45-180 days, so unlikely.
Choice D reason: Tattooing with unsterile needles risks hepatitis B via bloodborne transmission, matching the 90-day incubation period, the most likely risk here.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Increasing fiber binds dietary calcium, reducing absorption in hyperparathyroidism, aiding excretion, so this statement aligns with proper management.
Choice B reason: Furosemide enhances calcium excretion via urine, countering hyperparathyroidism’s high levels, making this an accurate understanding of treatment intent.
Choice C reason: Parathyroidectomy removes overactive glands, correcting calcium overproduction in hyperparathyroidism, a correct expectation reflecting disease management.
Choice D reason: Fluid restriction (1,000 mL) concentrates calcium, worsening hypercalcemia in hyperparathyroidism; increased fluids dilute it, so this needs correction.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Untreated hypothyroidism progresses to myxedema, a severe state with slowed metabolism causing fatigue, cold intolerance, constipation, and hair loss from low thyroid hormone.
Choice B reason: Hypocalcemia results from hypoparathyroidism, not hypothyroidism, which affects metabolism, not calcium regulation directly, so it’s unrelated to these symptoms.
Choice C reason: Pericarditis may occur in severe hypothyroidism late, but it’s not the primary complication; myxedema encompasses the broader metabolic decline seen here.
Choice D reason: Thyroid crisis (storm) is a hyperthyroid emergency with fever and tachycardia, opposite to hypothyroidism’s slow symptoms like coldness and fatigue.
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