Which statement by the family is consistent with mild Alzheimer’s disease?
She has stopped speaking to all of us
She has difficulty using her toothbrush and comb
She seems forgetful and takes longer to do daily tasks
She has lost control of her bladder and bowel
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Stopping speech entirely suggests advanced Alzheimer’s or aphasia, not mild, where memory and task performance decline first, not communication fully.
Choice B reason: Difficulty with toothbrush and comb indicates moderate Alzheimer’s, where motor apraxia emerges, beyond mild stage’s primary memory issues.
Choice C reason: Forgetfulness and slower task completion reflect mild Alzheimer’s early memory loss and executive dysfunction, impairing planning, consistent with initial stages.
Choice D reason: Bladder and bowel incontinence occur in late Alzheimer’s from severe brain damage, not mild, where cognitive, not physical, decline predominates.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Increasing oxygen to 3 L/min may help but risks CO2 retention in COPD without assessing respiratory rate, depth, and saturation first, making it premature.
Choice B reason: Coughing clears secretions, but without assessing respiratory status, it’s unclear if secretions are the issue or if the client can effectively cough, so it’s not priority.
Choice C reason: Calling emergency services assumes severity without data like oxygen saturation or distress level, delaying care by skipping initial assessment in this stable setting.
Choice D reason: Assessing respiratory status (rate, oxygen saturation, lung sounds) identifies the cause of difficulty, guiding interventions like oxygen adjustment or escalation, per ABC priority.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Lactulose doesn’t lower glucose; it’s a sugar metabolized by gut bacteria, unrelated to blood sugar control in cirrhosis, where glucose issues stem elsewhere.
Choice B reason: In cirrhosis, lactulose traps ammonia in the gut by acidifying it, promoting excretion and reducing toxic levels that cause hepatic encephalopathy, the primary goal.
Choice C reason: Potassium levels aren’t directly reduced by lactulose; it affects ammonia via gut pH, not electrolytes like potassium, which may rise in renal issues.
Choice D reason: Bicarbonate isn’t targeted by lactulose; it’s a buffer altered in acid-base imbalances, not the focus in cirrhosis where ammonia reduction is critical.
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