A nurse on a pediatric unit is caring for four children. The nurse should use droplet precautions for which of the following children?
A preschool-age child who has pediculosis capitis
A school-age child who has viral conjunctivitis
A toddler who has seasonal influenza
An adolescent who has hepatitis A
The Correct Answer is C
A. Pediculosis capitis (head lice) does not require droplet precautions.
B. Viral conjunctivitis is typically transmitted through contact precautions rather than droplet precautions.
C. Correct. Seasonal influenza is transmitted via respiratory droplets, necessitating droplet precautions to prevent transmission.
D. Hepatitis A is transmitted via the fecal-oral route and does not require droplet precautions.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A,B"},"B":{"answers":"A"},"C":{"answers":"A"},"D":{"answers":"A,B"}}
Explanation
Both acute laryngotracheobronchitis (croup) and pneumonia can cause irritability in a child due to discomfort from respiratory symptoms and fever.
The presence of a barking, non-productive cough at 0800 is consistent with acute laryngotracheobronchitis (croup), as it is a characteristic symptom. Pneumonia can also present with cough, but it is typically productive and associated with other respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea and crackles.
Stridor, an inspiratory wheezing sound, is a hallmark symptom of acute laryngotracheobronchitis (croup) due to inflammation and narrowing of the upper airway. It is not typically associated with pneumonia.
Fever can occur in both acute laryngotracheobronchitis (croup) and pneumonia. In this case, the tympanic temperatures of 38.1°C and 38.2°C are consistent with both conditions. However, pneumonia may present with higher fevers compared to croup.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Assessing both eyes together first, then separately, is not a typical method for assessing visual acuity in children.
B. Positioning the child 4.6 meters (15 feet) from the chart is not practical for testing visual acuity in a clinical setting.
C. Testing the child without glasses before testing with glasses may be appropriate but is not specifically related to the method of visual acuity assessment.
D. Using a tumbling E chart is appropriate for assessing visual acuity in young children who may not recognize letters. The tumbling E chart uses a series of "E" shapes facing different directions, allowing the child to indicate the direction the "E" is facing, thus assessing visual acuity.
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