A nurse reviews the arterial blood gas (ABG) values of a client admitted with pneumonia: pH, 7.32; PaCO2, 48 mm Hg; PaO2, 70 mm Hg; and HCO3, 24 mEq/L. What do these values indicate?

Metabolic Acidosis

Respiratory Acidosis

Metabolic Alkalosis

Respiratory Alkalosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Metabolic Acidosis
Metabolic acidosis is characterized by a low pH and low bicarbonate (HCO3) level. In this case, the pH is low (indicating acidosis), but the bicarbonate level is within the normal range, which is inconsistent with metabolic acidosis.

B. Respiratory Acidosis
This is correct. Respiratory acidosis is characterized by an elevated partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), leading to a decrease in pH. The ABG values in this case indicate elevated PaCO2 and a low pH, consistent with respiratory acidosis.

C. Metabolic Alkalosis
Metabolic alkalosis is characterized by a high pH and high bicarbonate (HCO3) level. In this case, the pH is low (indicating acidosis), which is inconsistent with metabolic alkalosis.

D. Respiratory Alkalosis
Respiratory alkalosis is characterized by a low partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) and a high pH. In this case, the PaCO2 is elevated, which is inconsistent with respiratory alkalosis.

Nursing Test Bank

Quiz #1: RN Exams Pharmacology Exams Quiz #2: RN Exams Medical-Surgical Exams Quiz #3: RN Exams Fundamentals Exams Quiz #4: RN Exams Maternal-Newborn Exams Quiz #5: RN Exams Anatomy and Physiology Exams Quiz #6: RN Exams Obstetrics and Pediatrics Exams Quiz #7: RN Exams Fluid and Electrolytes Exams Quiz #8: RN Exams Community Health Exams Quiz #9: RN Exams Promoting Health across the lifespan Exams Quiz #10: RN Exams Multidimensional care Exams

Get 100+ Naxlex Exit Exams for $79 Try Naxlex NCLEX-RN (14 Day Free-Trial)

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Quiz #1: Naxlex RN Comprehensive online practice 2019 B with NGN Quiz #2: Naxlex RN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Quiz #3: Naxlex RN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Exit Exam A Quiz #4: Naxlex HESI Exit LPN Exam Quiz #5: Naxlex PN Comprehensive Predictor PN 2020 Quiz #6: Naxlex VATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2020 Quiz #8: Naxlex PN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 - Exam 1 Quiz #10: Naxlex HESI PN Exit exam Quiz #11: Naxlex HESI PN EXIT Exam 2

Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Aspirin Toxicity:
Effect on Blood Gases: Aspirin toxicity can cause respiratory alkalosis due to increased respiratory rate (hyperventilation), leading to a decreased PaCO2 and increased pH.
Relation to Given Blood Gases: It could potentially cause the observed blood gas values (low PaCO2 and high pH), making it a possible cause.

B. Fever:
Effect on Blood Gases: Fever might cause hyperventilation, resulting in respiratory alkalosis with decreased PaCO2 and increased pH.
Relation to Given Blood Gases: It could potentially cause the observed blood gas values.

C. Anxiety Attack:
Effect on Blood Gases: Anxiety attacks can lead to hyperventilation and subsequent respiratory alkalosis with low PaCO2 and high pH.
Relation to Given Blood Gases: It could potentially cause the observed blood gas values.

D. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD):
Effect on Blood Gases: COPD typically causes respiratory acidosis due to impaired gas exchange, resulting in elevated PaCO2 and decreased pH.
Relation to Given Blood Gases: COPD wouldn't typically cause the observed blood gas values of low PaCO2 and high pH.

A. I will inject my insulin by pinching up a large area of skin, and then inserting the needle. B. I can mix my regular acting insulin and my Lantus in the same syringe. C. I can inject my insulin in the same location each time. D. I can use a needle/syringe more than once since I am the only one using it. E. I will discard my used syringes in a hard container, like an empty plastic milk jug.

Correct Answer is ["A","B"]

Explanation

A. I will inject my insulin by pinching up a large area of skin, and then inserting the needle.
The correct technique for subcutaneous insulin injection involves pinching a small area of skin (creating a skinfold) and inserting the needle at a 90-degree angle. Injecting into a large area might result in inadequate subcutaneous administration.

B. I can mix my regular acting insulin and my Lantus in the same syringe.
Lantus (insulin glargine) is a long-acting insulin that should not be mixed with other insulins. It should be administered separately to maintain its long-acting profile.

C. I can inject my insulin in the same location each time.
This statement is correct. Injecting insulin into the same general area consistently can help with consistent absorption.

D. I can use a needle/syringe more than once since I am the only one using it.
It is not safe to reuse needles or syringes. Single-use needles and syringes should be disposed of properly after each use to prevent infection and other complications.

E. I will discard my used syringes in a hard container, like an empty plastic milk jug.
This statement is correct. Used syringes should be discarded in a puncture-resistant container, and an empty plastic milk jug can serve as a suitable container for disposal.

View Question and Answer

Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.

Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today

A nurse reviews the arterial blood gas (ABG) values of a client admitted with pneumonia: pH, 7.32; PaCO2, 48 mm Hg; PaO2, 70 mm Hg; and HCO3, 24 mEq/L. What do these values indicate?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient has the following blood gases: PaCO2 33, pH 7.50, HCO3 23. Which of the following could NOT be the cause of this condition?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse instructs the client about the self-administration of insulin. Which statement or statements by the patient indicate a need for further teaching? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Correct Answer is ["A","B"]

Explanation

The nurse is collecting data for a client who has been diagnosed with iron-deficiency anemia. What subjective findings does the nurse recognize as symptoms related to this type of anemia?

A patient is post-op from knee surgery. The patient has been receiving Morphine 4 mg IV every 2 hours. The nurse notices the patient is exhibiting a respiratory rate of 8 and is extremely drowsy. Which of the following conditions is the patient at risk for?

A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus and peripheral neuropathy is seeing the nurse to review foot care. What would be a priority instruction for the nurse to give the client?

Which of the following should be included in the teaching plan for a patient receiving glargine (Lantus), "peakless" basal insulin?

A nurse is teaching basic "survival skills" to a client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. Which topic will the nurse address address?

The nurse is caring for a female client with type 2 diabetes mellitus who exhibits confusion, light-headedness, and aberrant behavior. The client is still conscious. The nurse should first administer:

A nurse is assessing a client who has diabetes for the presence of peripheral neuropathy. The nurse should question the client about what sign or symptom that would suggest the possible development of peripheral neuropathy?

A nurse is providing education to a client with iron deficiency anemia who has been prescribed iron supplements. What should the nurse include in health education?