A nurse working in the emergency department (ED) is admitting a client.

Exhibits

The nurse is reviewing the client's medical record. Which of the following conditions should the nurse identify as a risk factor for pneumonia? Select all that apply.

COPD

Hypertension

Dermatitis

Smoking history

Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Hypothyroidism

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,D,E

A. COPD: Clients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are at increased risk for pneumonia due to compromised lung function, chronic inflammation, and decreased mucociliary clearance, making it easier for pathogens to infect the lungs.

B. Hypertension: While hypertension is a significant cardiovascular risk factor, it does not directly increase the risk of pneumonia. Therefore, it is not a relevant factor in this case.

C. Dermatitis: Dermatitis is a skin condition and does not affect lung function or immunity in a way that would increase the risk of pneumonia.

D. Smoking history: Smoking damages the respiratory epithelium and impairs the immune defenses of the lungs, making smokers more susceptible to respiratory infections such as pneumonia.

E. Type 2 diabetes mellitus: Diabetes compromises immune function and increases the risk of infections, including pneumonia, due to hyperglycemia impairing neutrophil function and other immune responses.

F. Hypothyroidism: While hypothyroidism may cause some general symptoms such as fatigue, it does not directly compromise respiratory function or immunity in a way that increases the risk of pneumonia.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Wearing well-fitted shoes at home helps prevent slips and falls.

B. Placing throw rugs over electrical cords increases the risk of tripping.

C. Area rugs with rubber backs prevent slipping, reducing the risk of falls in a postoperative client.

D. Marking doorways with tape is not necessary for a client after knee replacement and may be more applicable for clients with visual impairments.

A. Schedule meals at 6-hr intervals. B. Maintain calorie intake at 1,500 per day. C. Keep a calorie count for foods and beverages. D. Provide a low-protein, high-carbohydrate diet.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Scheduling meals at 6-hour intervals is inadequate as clients with major burns require frequent, high-calorie intake.

B. A calorie intake of 1,500 per day is insufficient for burn clients, who require significantly higher caloric intake to support healing.

C. Keeping a calorie count helps ensure the client is meeting their increased nutritional needs for wound healing and recovery.

D. A high-protein, high-carbohydrate diet is necessary, not a low-protein diet, to support tissue repair and metabolic demands.

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A nurse working in the emergency department (ED) is admitting a client. Exhibits The nurse is reviewing the client's medical record. Which of the following conditions should the nurse identify as a risk factor for pneumonia? Select all that apply.

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A nurse is providing teaching about home safety to the adult child of an older adult client who is postoperative following knee replacement surgery. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Correct Answer is C

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A nurse is planning care for a client who sustained a major burn over 20% of the body. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include to support the client's nutritional requirements?

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A nurse working in the emergency department (ED) is admitting a client.

Exhibits

The nurse is reviewing the client's medical record. Which of the following conditions should the nurse identify as a risk factor for pneumonia? Select all that apply.