A patient, admitted with respiratory failure, is intubated and placed on the ventilator with the following settings: Continuous mandatory volume (CMV) rate of 12 breaths per minute. TV 500 mL. Fi02 50% and PEEP 5 cm H20. The following arterial blood gases are obtained: pH 7.30. PaCO2 50 mmHg HCO3 23 mEq/L. PaO2 82 mmHg. Which of the following ventilator changes would the nurse recommend in the SBAR to the physician?
An increase in the CMV rate
Change to SIMV MODE
A decrease in The PaO2
A decrease in the CMV rate
The Correct Answer is B
A. An increase in the CMV rate:
Increasing the continuous mandatory volume (CMV) rate would provide more mandatory breaths, which may not address the patient's respiratory acidosis. It could potentially worsen the situation by causing respiratory alkalosis.
B. Change to SIMV (Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation) MODE
The patient's arterial blood gas results indicate respiratory acidosis with an elevated PaCO2 (50 mmHg) and a low pH (7.30). The nurse would recommend changing to SIMV mode to allow for spontaneous breaths in addition to the set mandatory breaths. This change helps the patient to have more control over their respiratory efforts and may assist in lowering the PaCO2.
C. A decrease in the PaO2:
Decreasing the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) is not an appropriate response, especially when the patient is already on mechanical ventilation and has a moderate PaO2 level. The primary concern is the elevated PaCO2 and respiratory acidosis.
D. A decrease in the CMV rate:
Decreasing the CMV rate would reduce the number of mandatory breaths, potentially allowing the patient to hypoventilate further and retain more carbon dioxide. This is not the appropriate intervention for a patient with respiratory acidosis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Right Circumstances:
This involves ensuring that the tasks being delegated are appropriate for the circumstances and consistent with the plan of care. The nurse should consider factors such as the client's condition, the complexity of the task, and the stability of the client's health status.
B. Right Communication:
Effective communication is crucial in delegation. This includes clear and concise instructions, expectations, and a feedback loop. The nurse should ensure that communication is understood and acknowledged by both parties involved in the delegation.
C. Right Supervision:
Right Supervision involves providing guidance, direction, and feedback to those to whom tasks have been delegated. The nurse is responsible for overseeing and ensuring that the tasks are performed appropriately, meeting the required standards of care. This includes ongoing monitoring and assessment of delegated tasks.
D. Right Person:
The right person involves selecting the appropriate individual for the task based on their competence, knowledge, and skills. The nurse must assess the competency of the person being delegated to and ensure that they have the necessary qualifications to perform the assigned task
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Prepare to administer a sedative:
Administering a sedative is not the priority in this situation. The client is experiencing shortness of breath, tachycardia, and hypoxemia, indicating a respiratory issue that needs immediate attention. Sedation can further depress the respiratory drive and exacerbate the hypoxemia.
B. Assess for indications of pulmonary embolism:
While the client's symptoms could be related to a pulmonary embolism, the priority at this moment is to address the immediate respiratory distress. Administering oxygen is crucial before further diagnostic assessments can take place. Once the client is stabilized, additional assessments can be performed to explore the cause of the symptoms.
C. Administer oxygen via face mask:
This is the correct and priority intervention. The client is hypoxic (SaO2 86%) with a low PaO2 and high respiratory rate. Administering oxygen via a face mask aims to improve oxygenation and relieve the hypoxemia associated with the respiratory distress.
D. Prepare for mechanical ventilation:
Mechanical ventilation may be considered if the client's respiratory distress is severe and not responsive to oxygen therapy. However, the immediate step is to administer oxygen via a face mask. If the client's condition does not improve with oxygen therapy, mechanical ventilation may be the next step.
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