A patient has been admitted to the postsurgical nursing unit after surgery. The health care provider has ordered the patient to have an IV of 0.9 sodium chloride. The nurse who is caring for the patient recognizes this as what type of solution?

Isotonic

Hypnotic

Hypotonic

Hypertonic

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. 0.9% sodium chloride (normal saline) is isotonic, meaning it has the same concentration of solutes as blood plasma. It is used to expand intravascular volume and replace fluids and electrolytes.

B. "Hypnotic" refers to medications that induce sleep and has no relevance to IV solutions. This term does not apply to IV solutions.

C. A hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes compared to normal body fluids. Examples include 0.45% sodium chloride (half-normal saline) or 5% dextrose in water (D5W). 0.9% sodium chloride (normal saline) is not hypotonic; rather, it is isotonic.

D. A hypertonic solution has a higher concentration of solutes compared to normal body fluids. Examples include 3% sodium chloride or 5% dextrose in 0.9% sodium chloride. 0.9% sodium chloride (normal saline) is not hypertonic; rather, it is isotonic.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

D. A 90° angle (perpendicular to the skin surface) is typically used for IM injections into muscles where the needle needs to penetrate deeply into the muscle tissue.

A. 60° angle is commonly used for IM injections in the deltoid muscle or thigh. However, it may not be optimal for the ventrogluteal site, which typically requires a different approach due to its deeper location and muscle structure.

B. A 45° angle is typically used for subcutaneous injections, where the needle is inserted into the fatty layer just below the skin surface.

C. This angle is steeper than 60° and is sometimes used for IM injections into muscles with thicker tissue or larger muscle mass.

A. Cleanse the injection site with a circular motion. B. Don sterile gloves prior to the injection. C. Use the dominant hand to pinch the client's skin D. Inject the medication at a 15° angle to the client's skin

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Cleansing the injection site is important to reduce the risk of infection.

B. Sterile gloves are not typically required for administering subcutaneous injections unless there is a specific indication, such as when dealing with a client who has a compromised immune system or if there is potential for exposure to bodily fluids.

C. Pinching the skin can help in creating a fold where the needle can be inserted. However, there is no standard recommendation on which hand should be used.

D. Subcutaneous injections are typically administered at a 45-degree or 90-degree angle to the client's skin, depending on the amount of subcutaneous tissue present.

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A patient has been admitted to the postsurgical nursing unit after surgery. The health care provider has ordered the patient to have an IV of 0.9 sodium chloride. The nurse who is caring for the patient recognizes this as what type of solution?

Nursing Test Bank

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Correct Answer is A

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