A patient has been admitted to the postsurgical nursing unit after surgery. The health care provider has ordered the patient to have an IV of 0.9 sodium chloride. The nurse who is caring for the patient recognizes this as what type of solution?
Isotonic
Hypnotic
Hypotonic
Hypertonic
The Correct Answer is A
A. 0.9% sodium chloride (normal saline) is isotonic, meaning it has the same concentration of solutes as blood plasma. It is used to expand intravascular volume and replace fluids and electrolytes.
B. "Hypnotic" refers to medications that induce sleep and has no relevance to IV solutions. This term does not apply to IV solutions.
C. A hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes compared to normal body fluids. Examples include 0.45% sodium chloride (half-normal saline) or 5% dextrose in water (D5W). 0.9% sodium chloride (normal saline) is not hypotonic; rather, it is isotonic.
D. A hypertonic solution has a higher concentration of solutes compared to normal body fluids. Examples include 3% sodium chloride or 5% dextrose in 0.9% sodium chloride. 0.9% sodium chloride (normal saline) is not hypertonic; rather, it is isotonic.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
B When drawing medication from an ampule, especially if it's a solution that may contain particulate matter or to ensure sterility, using a filter needle is recommended. A filter needle has a membrane filter that prevents particles from being drawn into the syringe while allowing the medication to pass through.
A. Shaking a glass ampule is not recommended because it can lead to the introduction of glass particles or cause the solution to foam or become contaminated. Instead, gently flicking the ampule with a finger can help move any solution that may be adhering to the neck downward, but shaking should be avoided.
C. While wearing gloves is important for infection control, sterile gloves are not typically required for withdrawing medication from a single-dose glass ampule. Standard aseptic technique and hand hygiene are usually sufficient.
D. Ampules are designed to be opened by snapping the top away from the body to avoid potential injury from glass shards. The nurse should use a gauze pad or an ampule opener to break the ampule open safely, directing any breakage away from themselves and others.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
D Excessive use of bisacodyl or other laxatives can indeed cause these adverse effects. Rectal burning can occur due to irritation from frequent bowel movements, while dehydration and electrolyte imbalance can result from fluid loss caused by frequent laxative use.
A. While regular bowel movements are important for many individuals, daily bowel movements are not necessary for everyone and can vary depending on diet, hydration, and individual health conditions.
B. Bisacodyl is a stimulant laxative used for short-term relief of constipation. It does not interact with dietary fiber intake, nor should the client necessarily decrease high-fiber foods unless specifically advised by their healthcare provider for other reasons.
C. Chronic use of bisacodyl, a stimulant laxative, can indeed lead to dependence and potentially harmful effects on the body's water and salt balance
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