A patient has been admitted to the postsurgical nursing unit after surgery. The health care provider has ordered the patient to have an IV of 0.9 sodium chloride. The nurse who is caring for the patient recognizes this as what type of solution?
Isotonic
Hypnotic
Hypotonic
Hypertonic
The Correct Answer is A
A. 0.9% sodium chloride (normal saline) is isotonic, meaning it has the same concentration of solutes as blood plasma. It is used to expand intravascular volume and replace fluids and electrolytes.
B. "Hypnotic" refers to medications that induce sleep and has no relevance to IV solutions. This term does not apply to IV solutions.
C. A hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes compared to normal body fluids. Examples include 0.45% sodium chloride (half-normal saline) or 5% dextrose in water (D5W). 0.9% sodium chloride (normal saline) is not hypotonic; rather, it is isotonic.
D. A hypertonic solution has a higher concentration of solutes compared to normal body fluids. Examples include 3% sodium chloride or 5% dextrose in 0.9% sodium chloride. 0.9% sodium chloride (normal saline) is not hypertonic; rather, it is isotonic.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Recapping needles increases the risk of needlestick injuries. Needles used for arterial blood gas (ABG) specimens should never be recapped because this action significantly increases the likelihood of accidental puncture wounds.
B. Recapping needles can lead to accidental needlesticks, so it's safer to avoid this practice. Instead, needles should be immediately disposed of in a puncture-proof sharps container.
CA Recapping needles is strongly discouraged because it increases the risk of needlestick injuries. Placing needles in a regular wastebasket does not provide adequate protection from needlestick injuries and is not in line with safe disposal practices.
D. Breaking needles is hazardous and increases the risk of needlestick injuries. Needles should never be manipulated or broken before disposal. They should be placed intact in a sharps disposal container to prevent accidental exposure.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Infiltration occurs when IV fluid or medication leaks into the surrounding tissues rather than entering the vein. Coolness, blanching (pale appearance), swelling, and discomfort at the IV site are common signs of infiltration.
B. Local inflammation at the IV site can occur due to irritation or infection. Redness, warmth, swelling, tenderness, and possibly purulent drainage (pus) are typical signs. The description of a cool and blanched IV site does not fit the typical signs of inflammation, which usually involve warmth and redness.
C. Thrombophlebitis is inflammation of a vein with associated blood clot formation. Pain, warmth, redness, and swelling along the path of the vein are common. Thrombophlebitis typically presents with warmth and redness at the site, whereas the cool and blanched appearance described by the student suggests fluid infiltration rather than a thrombus causing inflammation.
D. Phlebitis is inflammation of the vein itself. Pain, redness, warmth, and swelling directly over the vein. Phlebitis usually manifests with warmth and redness, which are not present in the described symptoms.
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