A patient has been admitted with tumor lysis syndrome (TLS). Which intervention would be incorporated into the plan of care to prevent the metabolic imbalances associated with this disorder?

Restrict foods containing potassium.

Give sodium polystyrene sulfonate for hypokalemia.

Keep urine pH below 7.0.

Restrict all oral fluids.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale
Restricting foods containing potassium helps prevent hyperkalemia, a common metabolic imbalance in tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) due to the rapid release of intracellular potassium from lysed tumor cells.
Choice B rationale
Giving sodium polystyrene sulfonate is used to treat hyperkalemia, not hypokalemia. It works by binding potassium in the gut and helping excrete it from the body, but it is not a preventive measure for metabolic imbalances in TLS.
Choice C rationale
Keeping urine pH below 7.0 is not recommended for TLS. Alkalinizing the urine to a pH above 7.0 helps prevent uric acid crystallization and renal damage, which is crucial in managing TLS.
Choice D rationale
Restricting all oral fluids is not advisable for TLS. Adequate hydration is essential to support kidney function and enhance the excretion of electrolytes and uric acid, which helps prevent and manage TLS.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Exercise, in general, is beneficial and should not exacerbate systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In fact, regular, gentle exercise can improve overall health and reduce symptoms.
Choice B rationale
Infection can trigger or exacerbate SLE flares by activating the immune system, which can cause increased inflammation.
Choice C rationale
Sunlight exposure can exacerbate SLE due to photosensitivity, leading to skin rashes and triggering systemic flares.
Choice D rationale
Pregnancy can exacerbate SLE due to hormonal changes and the additional strain on the immune system.

A. Activities that could result in bleeding. B. All visitors from entering the client's room. C. Fresh flowers and potted plants in the room. D. Oral fluid intake to between meals only.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Restricting activities that could result in bleeding is important for patients with thrombocytopenia, which is different from neutropenia; neutropenic precautions focus on infection prevention.
Choice B rationale
Restricting all visitors might be overly restrictive; instead, visitors should be screened for infections, and hand hygiene should be emphasized to prevent infection transmission.
Choice C rationale
Fresh flowers and potted plants can harbor bacteria and fungi that pose an infection risk to immunocompromised clients, such as those with neutropenia, making this restriction important.
Choice D rationale
Restricting oral fluid intake to between meals only is not necessary for managing neutropenia; maintaining good hydration is important, and there are no specific fluid timing restrictions.

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A patient has been admitted with tumor lysis syndrome (TLS). Which intervention would be incorporated into the plan of care to prevent the metabolic imbalances associated with this disorder?

Nursing Test Bank

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