A patient has been admitted with tumor lysis syndrome (TLS). Which intervention would be incorporated into the plan of care to prevent the metabolic imbalances associated with this disorder?

Restrict foods containing potassium.

Give sodium polystyrene sulfonate for hypokalemia.

Keep urine pH below 7.0.

Restrict all oral fluids.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale
Restricting foods containing potassium helps prevent hyperkalemia, a common metabolic imbalance in tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) due to the rapid release of intracellular potassium from lysed tumor cells.
Choice B rationale
Giving sodium polystyrene sulfonate is used to treat hyperkalemia, not hypokalemia. It works by binding potassium in the gut and helping excrete it from the body, but it is not a preventive measure for metabolic imbalances in TLS.
Choice C rationale
Keeping urine pH below 7.0 is not recommended for TLS. Alkalinizing the urine to a pH above 7.0 helps prevent uric acid crystallization and renal damage, which is crucial in managing TLS.
Choice D rationale
Restricting all oral fluids is not advisable for TLS. Adequate hydration is essential to support kidney function and enhance the excretion of electrolytes and uric acid, which helps prevent and manage TLS.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale
A mutant BRCA1 gene is not associated with an increased risk of thyroid cancer. Thyroid cancer risk factors include radiation exposure and family history, but not the BRCA1 mutation.
Choice B rationale
The BRCA1 gene mutation does not increase the risk of Down syndrome in offspring. Down syndrome is related to chromosomal abnormalities, not the BRCA1 gene mutation.
Choice C rationale
The BRCA1 gene mutation significantly increases the risk of breast cancer, often at an early age. It is a key factor in hereditary breast cancer syndromes.
Choice D rationale
The BRCA1 gene mutation is not linked to an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's is associated with genetic factors like the APOE gene, not BRCA1.

A. Assess for neck vein distention. B. Monitor for an irregular heart rate. C. Assess blood glucose level. D. Monitor for postural hypotension. E. Weigh the client daily.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Assessing for neck vein distention helps monitor fluid overload, which is common in Cushing's syndrome due to cortisol's effects on fluid retention.
Choice B rationale
Monitoring for an irregular heart rate is important because cortisol can cause electrolyte imbalances and hypertension, which may affect heart rhythm.
Choice C rationale
Assessing blood glucose levels is essential since Cushing's syndrome can cause hyperglycemia due to cortisol's effects on glucose metabolism.
Choice D rationale
Monitoring for postural hypotension helps manage potential complications from cortisol's effects on blood pressure regulation.
Choice E rationale
Weighing the client daily is important for monitoring fluid retention and weight changes associated with Cushing's syndrome.

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A patient has been admitted with tumor lysis syndrome (TLS). Which intervention would be incorporated into the plan of care to prevent the metabolic imbalances associated with this disorder?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A female middle adult client tells a nurse that she tested positive for a mutant BRCA1 gene. The nurse should recognize that the client is at an increased risk for which of the following situations?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

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