A patient is admitted with acute liver failure and encephalopathy. Which dietary restrictions should be maintained for the patient?
Protein and calcium
Protein and sodium
Fat and magnesium
Carbohydrate and potassium
The Correct Answer is B
A. Protein may be restricted in cases of liver failure to prevent ammonia buildup, but calcium isn't typically restricted in liver failure.
B. In acute liver failure and encephalopathy, protein may be restricted to minimize ammonia production, and sodium may be restricted to manage fluid retention and prevent further complications.
C. Fat and magnesium are not typically restricted in this condition.
D. Carbohydrate and potassium are not primary dietary restrictions for acute liver failure.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Administering an enema every third day may be too infrequent to effectively manage constipation. Enemas are generally not a first-line solution for constipation prevention in patients on long-term opioid therapy.
B. Constipation is nothing to worry about; take your medicine is incorrect because constipation is a common and preventable side effect of opioid use. It should be addressed proactively.
C. Only taking morphine when experiencing the most severe pain could lead to uncontrolled pain. It is important for cancer pain to be managed consistently, and adjusting the timing of medication is not recommended.
D. Increasing fluids and high-fiber foods, and using a mild laxative is the most appropriate recommendation. It helps prevent constipation, which is a common side effect of opioid use. Mild laxatives can also be helpful, but regular bowel care is essential.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Limiting all nutrients is not recommended for patients on dialysis. While certain nutrients like potassium and phosphorus may need to be restricted, dialysis patients usually require adequate nutrition, especially protein, to support healing and prevent malnutrition.
B. Ensuring an adequate amount of protein is correct. Dialysis patients often experience protein loss through dialysis and need additional protein to prevent catabolism and muscle wasting. Protein intake should be carefully monitored to meet their nutritional needs while avoiding excessive waste buildup.
C. Increasing fluids is not typically advised for dialysis patients, as they often have fluid restrictions due to reduced kidney function and the risk of fluid overload.
D. Encouraging potassium-rich foods is not advisable for patients with renal disease, particularly if they are on dialysis, as they often have issues with potassium retention, which could lead to dangerous hyperkalemia.
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