A patient is admitted with acute liver failure and encephalopathy. Which dietary restrictions should be maintained for the patient?
Protein and calcium
Protein and sodium
Fat and magnesium
Carbohydrate and potassium
The Correct Answer is B
A. Protein may be restricted in cases of liver failure to prevent ammonia buildup, but calcium isn't typically restricted in liver failure.
B. In acute liver failure and encephalopathy, protein may be restricted to minimize ammonia production, and sodium may be restricted to manage fluid retention and prevent further complications.
C. Fat and magnesium are not typically restricted in this condition.
D. Carbohydrate and potassium are not primary dietary restrictions for acute liver failure.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Autonomy refers to respecting the patient’s right to make their own decisions. While important, it is not the ethical principle that guides the nurse's decision to report the situation to Adult Protective Services.
B. Nonmaleficence refers to the duty to do no harm. Reporting the neglect of the client to Adult Protective Services is consistent with preventing further harm and ensuring the client’s safety.
C. Justice refers to fairness and equal treatment. While the nurse is working to protect the client, the situation involves more than just fairness, making nonmaleficence the more applicable principle.
D. Fidelity refers to loyalty and keeping promises, but it does not specifically guide the nurse’s action in this situation.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Administering aspirin is incorrect because aspirin is ineffective in reducing core temperature in heat stroke and can increase the risk of bleeding.
B. Providing oral fluids is incorrect because the patient is confused and at risk for aspiration; IV fluids are preferred.
C. Applying a cooling blanket is correct because this patient is experiencing heat stroke, and rapid cooling is essential to prevent organ damage. Cooling blankets, ice packs, and immersion in cool water are key interventions.
D. Giving salt tablets is incorrect as rapid sodium replacement can cause fluid shifts and worsen the condition; IV fluids are preferred.
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