A patient is receiving treatment for Hodgkin disease. What is a possible complication of the treatment for Hodgkin disease?
A weakening of the lymphatic vessels
A weakened immune system
Increased cognitive impairment
Increased levels of monocytes in the blood
The Correct Answer is B
A. A weakening of the lymphatic vessels. Treatment targets the cancer cells in the lymph nodes, but the primary complication is systemic rather than structural vessel weakness.
B. A weakened immune system. Chemotherapy and radiation used to treat Hodgkin lymphoma destroy rapidly dividing cells, including healthy white blood cells (neutropenia), leaving the patient highly susceptible to infections.
C. Increased cognitive impairment. While "chemo-fog" exists, a weakened immune system is a more direct and clinically significant life-threatening complication.
D. Increased levels of monocytes in the blood. Treatments generally decrease blood cell counts (leukopenia) rather than increasing specific white cell counts like monocytes.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Decreased coagulability. This would make blood less likely to clot (increasing bleeding risk). Thrombus formation requires increased coagulability.
B. Intact endothelium. An intact, smooth vessel lining prevents clots. Damage to the endothelium is what triggers the clotting cascade.
C. Decreased red blood cells. Anemia does not directly cause thrombus formation; however, an increase in RBCs (polycythemia) would increase risk due to viscosity.
D. Stasis of blood flow. Part of Virchow’s Triad, stasis (sluggish blood flow) allows clotting factors to accumulate and platelets to come into contact with the vessel wall, leading to a clot.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Folic acid deficiency anemia. This affects RBC maturation but does not usually cause the "pancytopenia" (loss of all cell types) described here.
B. Aplastic anemia. In aplastic anemia, the bone marrow fails to produce all three blood cell types: RBCs (anemia), WBCs (infection risk), and platelets (bleeding risk).
C. Pernicious anemia. This is a specific vitamin B12 deficiency caused by a lack of intrinsic factor; it does not shut down the entire marrow's production of other cells.
D. Iron deficiency anemia. This only affects the production and size of RBCs, not the immune system or clotting factors.
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