A patient makes an appointment to see a primary care practitioner for recurrent severe headaches. Which instruction by the nurse will help gather the best additional data before the appointment?

"Try relaxation and warm moist compresses for your headaches and document your response."

"Keep a diary of your headaches, recording symptoms, timing, and headache triggers."

"Call and come in the next time you have a headache so you can be examined."

"Keep track of how many headaches you have before you come in."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: "Try relaxation and warm moist compresses for your headaches and document your response." is not the best instruction by the nurse to gather additional data before the appointment. It is a suggestion for self-care and pain relief, but it does not provide any information about the cause, type, or severity of the headaches.

Choice B reason: "Keep a diary of your headaches, recording symptoms, timing, and headache triggers." is the best instruction by the nurse to gather additional data before the appointment. It is a useful tool for collecting objective and subjective data about the headaches, such as their frequency, duration, intensity, location, quality, associated symptoms, and precipitating factors. This can help the primary care practitioner to diagnose the type of headache, such as migraine, tension, or cluster, and prescribe the appropriate treatment.

Choice C reason: "Call and come in the next time you have a headache so you can be examined." is not the best instruction by the nurse to gather additional data before the appointment. It is a suggestion for urgent care, but it does not provide any information about the history, pattern, or characteristics of the headaches.

Choice D reason: "Keep track of how many headaches you have before you come in." is not the best instruction by the nurse to gather additional data before the appointment. It is a simple measure of the quantity of the headaches, but it does not provide any information about the quality, severity, or triggers of the headaches.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Decreasing intracranial pressure with decerebrate posturing is not the correct answer. Decerebrate posturing is a sign of severe brain damage that involves the extension and outward rotation of the arms and legs, and the arching of the back. It is not associated with decreasing intracranial pressure, but rather with increased pressure or brainstem compression.

Choice B reason: Increasing intracranial pressure with decorticate posturing is the correct answer. Decorticate posturing is a sign of severe brain damage that involves the flexion of the arms at the elbows and the extension of the legs. It is associated with increased intracranial pressure or lesions in the cerebral hemispheres.

Choice C reason: Decreasing intracranial pressure with decorticate posturing is not the correct answer. Decorticate posturing is a sign of severe brain damage that involves the flexion of the arms at the elbows and the extension of the legs. It is not associated with decreasing intracranial pressure, but rather with increased pressure or lesions in the cerebral hemispheres.

Choice D reason: Increasing intracranial pressure with decerebrate posturing is not the correct answer. Decerebrate posturing is a sign of severe brain damage that involves the extension and outward rotation of the arms and legs, and the arching of the back. It is associated with increased intracranial pressure or brainstem compression, but it is not the posture described in the question.

A. Apples, oranges and strawberries B. Tuna fish, white bread and green vegetables C. Lean beef, raisins and prunes D. White chicken meat, whole milk and rice

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is incorrect. Apples, oranges and strawberries are good sources of vitamin C, which can help with iron absorption, but they are not high in iron content themselves. The patient should eat foods that are rich in both iron and vitamin C.

Choice B reason: This is incorrect. Tuna fish, white bread and green vegetables are not high in iron content either. Tuna fish is a source of protein, but it has less iron than other types of meat or fish. White bread is refined and has less iron than whole grain bread. Green vegetables have some iron, but not enough to meet the daily requirements.

Choice C reason: This is correct. Lean beef, raisins and prunes are high in iron content and can help the patient with iron deficiency anemia. Lean beef is a source of heme iron, which is more easily absorbed by the body than non-heme iron from plant sources. Raisins and prunes are dried fruits that have more iron than fresh fruits.

Choice D reason: This is incorrect. White chicken meat, whole milk and rice are not high in iron content either. White chicken meat has less iron than dark chicken meat or red meat. Whole milk is a source of calcium, which can interfere with iron absorption. Rice is a source of carbohydrates, but it has less iron than other grains or legumes.

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A patient makes an appointment to see a primary care practitioner for recurrent severe headaches. Which instruction by the nurse will help gather the best additional data before the appointment?

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