The cardinal signs and symptoms of Parkinson disease are?

arm and leg weakness, paresthesia, blurred vision, and facial frown.

uncontrollable rapid jerky movements in arms, trunk and facial muscles.

stumbling, backward tilt of the head, quick fluttering hand movements, and quick uncontrolled gait.

hand tremors, bradykinesia, skeletal muscle rigidity, and postural instability.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: This is incorrect. Arm and leg weakness, paresthesia, blurred vision, and facial frown are not specific to Parkinson disease, but may be seen in other neurological disorders, such as multiple sclerosis or stroke.

Choice B reason: This is incorrect. Uncontrollable rapid jerky movements in arms, trunk and facial muscles are characteristic of Huntington disease, not Parkinson disease. Huntington disease is a genetic disorder that causes progressive degeneration of the nerve cells in the brain.

Choice C reason: This is incorrect. Stumbling, backward tilt of the head, quick fluttering hand movements, and quick uncontrolled gait are signs of cerebellar ataxia, not Parkinson disease. Cerebellar ataxia is a disorder that affects the coordination and balance of the movements, caused by damage to the cerebellum.

Choice D reason: This is correct. Hand tremors, bradykinesia, skeletal muscle rigidity, and postural instability are the cardinal signs and symptoms of Parkinson disease. Parkinson disease is a chronic and progressive disorder that affects the dopamine-producing neurons in the brain, resulting in movement problems.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is correct. A white blood cell count of 1000/mm3 indicates severe neutropenia, which is a condition of having abnormally low levels of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell that fights infections. Neutropenic precautions are measures to protect the client from exposure to pathogens, such as wearing a mask, gloves, and gown, avoiding contact with sick people, and practicing good hygiene.

Choice B reason: This is incorrect. A red blood cell count of 5 million/mm3 is within the normal range for both males and females. It does not indicate any risk of infection or bleeding.

Choice C reason: This is incorrect. A clotting time of 10 minutes is also within the normal range, which is 8 to 15 minutes. It does not indicate any risk of infection or bleeding.

Choice D reason: This is incorrect. A thrombocyte count of 90,000 cells/mm3 is low, but not low enough to require neutropenic precautions. Thrombocytes, also known as platelets, are responsible for blood clotting. A low thrombocyte count increases the risk of bleeding, but not infection. The normal range for thrombocyte count is 150,000 to 450,000 cells/mm3.

A. Lethargy B. Slowed responses to verbal cues. C. Negative Babinski sign D. Altered speech. E. Decreased level of consciousness.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Lethargy is a sign of increased intracranial pressure (ICP), as it indicates a decreased level of alertness and responsiveness due to brain compression¹².
Choice B reason: Slowed responses to verbal cues are a sign of increased ICP, as they indicate a decreased level of cognitive function and communication ability due to brain compression¹².
Choice C reason: Negative Babinski sign is not a sign of increased ICP, as it indicates a normal reflex response of the toes to stimulation of the sole of the foot³. A positive Babinski sign, where the big toe extends upward and the other toes fan out, is a sign of neurological damage, but not necessarily increased ICP³.
Choice D reason: Altered speech is a sign of increased ICP, as it indicates a decreased level of language function and articulation due to brain compression¹².
Choice E reason: Decreased level of consciousness is a sign of increased ICP, as it indicates a decreased level of awareness and arousal due to brain compression¹².

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The cardinal signs and symptoms of Parkinson disease are?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reviewing hematology laboratory results of a client receiving intravenous chemotherapy for leukemia. Which of the following laboratory findings prompts the nurse to initiate neutropenic precautions?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a patient with a head injury after a fall from a ladder. The nurse must evaluate the patient for which signs and symptoms of increased intracranial pressure?

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]

Explanation

A patient with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) asks the nurse why their bones are making more white blood cells when they already have so many. The nurse clarifies that the large number of leukemic white cells they have:

The nurse is caring for a patient with a new traumatic brain injury and completes a neurologic assessment. The magnetic resonance imaging identifies an intracranial epidural hematoma. The nurse would immediately notify the provider of which assessment finding?

The home health nurse visits a patient with multiple sclerosis who complains of severe fatigue. Select the nurse's best suggestion to help decrease their symptom of fatigue.

A nurse is caring for a client who begins to exhibit seizure activity while in bed. Which of the following actions should the nurse implement to care for the client?

An older adult is admitted to the hospital following a closed head injury from a fall that resulted in a 5-minute period of unconsciousness. Which priority nursing assessment indicates neurological deterioration in the patient?

The nurse is providing education to a young female recently diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. Select the common symptoms the nurse should include in the education plan that the patient should report to their health care provider. (Select all that apply)

A patient makes an appointment to see a primary care practitioner for recurrent severe headaches. Which instruction by the nurse will help gather the best additional data before the appointment?

The nurse assesses a patient with a recent spinal cord injury at the level of thoracic 5 vertebrae. The patient's blood pressure is 184/95 mm Hg, has a flushed face and blurred vision. What priority action would the nurse complete first?