A patient presents to the emergency department with complaints of frequent urination, excessive thirst, chronic fatigue, and mild confusion. Serum glucose is shown to be within normal limits. Which condition is described?

Diabetes mellitus

Underactive thyroid

Acute thyroiditis

Diabetes insipidus

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Diabetes insipidus is a disorder of water balance caused by a deficiency of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) or a resistance to its action. ADH regulates the reabsorption of water in the kidneys and prevents excessive urine output. Without enough ADH or with reduced sensitivity to it, the kidneys produce large amounts of diluted urine, leading to frequent urination and thirst. Chronic fatigue and mild confusion may result from dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. Serum glucose is not affected by diabetes insipidus, unlike diabetes mellitus, which is a disorder of carbohydrate metabolism.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

MRSA stands for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, a type of bacteria that is resistant to many antibiotics and can cause serious infections in various parts of the body. MRSA can spread through direct contact with infected people or contaminated objects and can be difficult to treat due to its resistance to treatment. MRSA can progress into blood, bone, lung, or skin infections that may be life-threatening if not treated promptly and appropriately.

A. Lower number of complement proteins B. Decreased populations of naïve T cells C. Impaired primary defenses D. Insufficient time outdoors

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Naïve T cells are a type of white blood cell that has not encountered a specific antigen before and are ready to respond to new infections. As people age, the number of naïve T cells decreases due to the shrinking of the thymus gland, which produces and matures T cells. This reduces the ability of the immune system to recognize and fight new pathogens and lowers the effectiveness of vaccines.

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A patient presents to the emergency department with complaints of frequent urination, excessive thirst, chronic fatigue, and mild confusion. Serum glucose is shown to be within normal limits. Which condition is described?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

1. This pathogen organism can be difficult to treat due to its resistance to treatment and can progress into blood, bone, lung, or skin infections that may be life-threatening. Which type of infectious disease is described?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Older adults generally mount lower immune responses to vaccines. Which age-related change is likely to contribute to these lower immune responses?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Which factor contributes to thrombus formation?

A patient presents at a clinic with a partial-thickness burn on the left arm. The skin appears red and swollen. The patient reports the burn is very painful. What is an additional symptom of a patient with this type of burn?

Which respiratory finding is expected in an attempt to compensate for metabolic acidosis?

A 55-year-old patient is in the dialysis clinic for acute renal failure treatment. The nurse connects the patient to an artificial kidney, which removes waste material from the blood Which treatment will the patient's chart indicate?

Which musculoskeletal disorder is caused by the overextension of muscles or tendons, causing the tearing of small vessels and nerve irritation?

Which process leads to the development of a hypertensive crisis?

A patient's chart shows a blood pressure of 190/137, with a usual blood pressure of 170/110. What is a possible diagnosis?

A patient reports nausea, vomiting, dull abdominal ache, and pruritus. On physical examination, edema of the legs. ascites and jaundice were documented Laboratory findings included elevated alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase. Which condition is described?