Which clinical laboratory finding is expected with diabetes insipidus?

Normal serum glucose level

Low serum sodium level

Normal serum sodium level

Elevated serum glucose level

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Diabetes insipidus is a disorder that causes the kidneys to produce large amounts of dilute urine, resulting in dehydration and thirst. Diabetes insipidus is not related to diabetes mellitus, which affects blood glucose levels. Therefore, diabetes insipidus does not affect serum glucose levels, which are expected to be normal.

However, diabetes insipidus can affect serum sodium levels, which are a measure of the concentration of salt in the blood. Due to the loss of water from the body, serum sodium levels can become high (hypernatremia) in diabetes insipidus. However, if the patient drinks enough fluids to compensate for the urine output, serum sodium levels can remain normal.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Acute appendicitis is an inflammation of the appendix, a small pouch attached to the large intestine that has no known function. It can cause abdominal pain that usually starts around the navel and then shifts to the lower right quadrant, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, fever, and constipation or diarrhea. The McBurney point is a spot located about two-thirds of the way from the navel to the right hip bone that is tender when pressed in patients with appendicitis. A CT scan can show signs of inflammation and enlargement of the appendix and rule out other causes of abdominal pain. Surgery (appendectomy) is the standard treatment for appendicitis to remove the inflamed appendix and prevent complications such as peritonitis (infection of the lining of the abdominal cavity) or abscess (collection of pus) formation.

A. Extracellular fluid will shift into the interstitial fluid space and tissues will expand. B. Interstitial fluid will shift into the intracellular fluid space and cells will stay the same. C. Extracellular fluid will shift into the intracellular fluid space and cells will expand. D. Intracellular fluid will shift into the extracellular fluid space and cells will shrink.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Osmolarity is a measure of the concentration of solutes in a solution. When the osmolarity of the bloodstream increases due to blood loss, water will move from areas of lower osmolarity to areas of higher osmolarity by osmosis. This means that water will move from the extracellular fluid (the fluid outside the cells) to the intracellular fluid (the fluid inside the cells) to balance the osmotic pressure. As a result, the extracellular fluid volume will decrease and the intracellular fluid volume will increase, causing the cells to expand.

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Which clinical laboratory finding is expected with diabetes insipidus?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A patient experiences significant blood loss after surgery, which raises the osmolarity of the bloodstream. Which fluid changes are expected to occur within this patient's body as a result?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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