A female patient presents with complaints of irregular periods, weakness, emotional changes, and easy bruising. The patient has previously been diagnosed with asthma. Upon physical examination, the patient has a "moon-shaped face and a noticeable hump on her upper back. Further, there are purple striae on both arms. Blood work reveals elevated concentrations of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) Which condition is this patient showing signs and symptoms of?
Cushing syndrome
Addison disease.
Graves’ disease
Hashimoto thyroiditis
The Correct Answer is A
Cushing syndrome is a condition that occurs when the body is exposed to high levels of cortisol, a hormone produced by the adrenal glands. Cortisol helps regulate metabolism, blood pressure, immune function, and stress response.
However, excess cortisol can cause various problems, such as weight gain, moon face (round and puffy face), buffalo hump (fat accumulation on the upper back), purple striae (stretch marks), irregular periods, weakness, emotional changes, and easy bruising. One of the causes of Cushing syndrome is the overproduction of ACTH by the pituitary gland, which stimulates the adrenal glands to produce more cortisol.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Lymphangitis is an inflammation of the lymphatic vessels that occurs when bacteria or other pathogens spread from a site of infection to the lymphatic system. It can cause swollen lymph nodes, fever, chills, muscle aches, and loss of appetite, as well as pain in the affected area, which may be accompanied by red streaks along the course of the inflamed vessels.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Osmolarity is a measure of the concentration of solutes in a solution. When the osmolarity of the bloodstream increases due to blood loss, water will move from areas of lower osmolarity to areas of higher osmolarity by osmosis. This means that water will move from the extracellular fluid (the fluid outside the cells) to the intracellular fluid (the fluid inside the cells) to balance the osmotic pressure. As a result, the extracellular fluid volume will decrease and the intracellular fluid volume will increase, causing the cells to expand.
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