A female patient presents with complaints of irregular periods, weakness, emotional changes, and easy bruising. The patient has previously been diagnosed with asthma. Upon physical examination, the patient has a "moon-shaped face and a noticeable hump on her upper back. Further, there are purple striae on both arms. Blood work reveals elevated concentrations of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) Which condition is this patient showing signs and symptoms of?
Cushing syndrome
Addison disease.
Graves’ disease
Hashimoto thyroiditis
The Correct Answer is A
Cushing syndrome is a condition that occurs when the body is exposed to high levels of cortisol, a hormone produced by the adrenal glands. Cortisol helps regulate metabolism, blood pressure, immune function, and stress response.
However, excess cortisol can cause various problems, such as weight gain, moon face (round and puffy face), buffalo hump (fat accumulation on the upper back), purple striae (stretch marks), irregular periods, weakness, emotional changes, and easy bruising. One of the causes of Cushing syndrome is the overproduction of ACTH by the pituitary gland, which stimulates the adrenal glands to produce more cortisol.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Vitamin B12 is a water-soluble vitamin that is involved in the production of red blood cells, DNA synthesis, and nerve function. Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause anemia, neurological problems, and cognitive impairment. Vitamin B12 deficiency can be attributed to alcoholism because alcohol interferes with the absorption and metabolism of vitamin B12 in the stomach and liver. Alcohol also damages the lining of the intestines, where vitamin B12 is absorbed from food sources.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Cellulitis is a bacterial infection of the deep layers of the skin and subcutaneous tissue that causes redness, swelling, warmth, and pain in the affected area. It can occur as a complication of a lymphatic blockage because lymphedema (swelling due to impaired lymphatic drainage) can impair the skin's barrier function and make it more susceptible to infection.
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