A female patient presents with complaints of irregular periods, weakness, emotional changes, and easy bruising. The patient has previously been diagnosed with asthma. Upon physical examination, the patient has a "moon-shaped face and a noticeable hump on her upper back. Further, there are purple striae on both arms. Blood work reveals elevated concentrations of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) Which condition is this patient showing signs and symptoms of?

Cushing syndrome

Addison disease.

Graves’ disease

Hashimoto thyroiditis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Cushing syndrome is a condition that occurs when the body is exposed to high levels of cortisol, a hormone produced by the adrenal glands. Cortisol helps regulate metabolism, blood pressure, immune function, and stress response.

However, excess cortisol can cause various problems, such as weight gain, moon face (round and puffy face), buffalo hump (fat accumulation on the upper back), purple striae (stretch marks), irregular periods, weakness, emotional changes, and easy bruising. One of the causes of Cushing syndrome is the overproduction of ACTH by the pituitary gland, which stimulates the adrenal glands to produce more cortisol.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is an infection of the female reproductive organs, such as the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. It is usually caused by sexually transmitted bacteria that ascend from the vagina or cervix to the upper genital tract. PID can cause fever, foul-smelling vaginal discharge, and sudden pelvic pain that may worsen during sexual intercourse or menstruation. PID can also lead to infertility, ectopic pregnancy, or chronic pelvic pain if left untreated.

A. Extracellular fluid will shift into the interstitial fluid space and tissues will expand. B. Interstitial fluid will shift into the intracellular fluid space and cells will stay the same. C. Extracellular fluid will shift into the intracellular fluid space and cells will expand. D. Intracellular fluid will shift into the extracellular fluid space and cells will shrink.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Osmolarity is a measure of the concentration of solutes in a solution. When the osmolarity of the bloodstream increases due to blood loss, water will move from areas of lower osmolarity to areas of higher osmolarity by osmosis. This means that water will move from the extracellular fluid (the fluid outside the cells) to the intracellular fluid (the fluid inside the cells) to balance the osmotic pressure. As a result, the extracellular fluid volume will decrease and the intracellular fluid volume will increase, causing the cells to expand.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A female patient's chart indicates the following signs and symptoms, fever, foul-smelling vaginal discharge and sudden pelvic pain Which condition is indicated by this patient's chart?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A patient experiences significant blood loss after surgery, which raises the osmolarity of the bloodstream. Which fluid changes are expected to occur within this patient's body as a result?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Which clinical laboratory finding is expected with diabetes insipidus?

A patient's record has a transient ischemic attack (TIA) noted. What are the two symptoms of this condition? Choose 2 answers

Which complication of musculoskeletal trauma causes the accumulation of nephrotoxic myoglobin?

Which factor contributes to thrombus formation?

Which musculoskeletal disorder is caused by the overextension of muscles or tendons, causing the tearing of small vessels and nerve irritation?

A patient with lymphangitis often presents with swollen lymph nodes, fever, chills, muscle aches, and loss of appetite. What is another clinical manifestation of this condition?

Which skin infection causes redness, swelling, and tenderness to the touch and could occur as a complication of a lymphatic blockage?

A patient reports nausea, vomiting, dull abdominal ache, and pruritus. On physical examination, edema of the legs. ascites and jaundice were documented Laboratory findings included elevated alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase. Which condition is described?