A patient reports severe flank pain. The urinalysis reveals the presence of calcium phosphate crystals. The nurse will anticipate an order for which diagnostic test?

Intravenous pyelogram

Cystoscopy

Mid-stream urinalysis

Bladder scan

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Intravenous pyelogram: IVP is a specialized X-ray with contrast dye that visualizes the kidneys, ureters, and bladder, helping detect kidney stones, obstructions, or abnormalities. Calcium phosphate crystals suggest nephrolithiasis (kidney stones).

B. Cystoscopy examines the bladder and urethra, but it does not visualize the kidneys or ureters, where stones typically originate.

C. Mid-stream urinalysis alone does not confirm kidney stones, though it may show hematuria, infection, or crystal types.

D. Bladder scan assesses urinary retention or post-void residual volume, not kidney stones.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. A 5-year-old child who ignores the urge to defecate owing to embarrassment. Ignoring the urge to defecate slows peristalsis, leading to constipation.

B. A 40-year-old female with major depressive disorder. Depression is more likely to cause decreased peristalsis and constipation.

C. An 80-year-old male in an assisted-living environment. Aging typically slows peristalsis, leading to constipation.

D. A 21-year-old female with three final examinations on the same day. Stress and anxiety stimulate the sympathetic nervous system, increasing peristalsis and leading to diarrhea.

A. Irrigating a catheter B. Interpreting a bladder scan result C. Obtaining a midstream urine specimen D. inserting a straight catheter

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Irrigating a catheter: Catheter irrigation requires sterile technique and nursing judgment, making it an inappropriate task for an AP. It must be performed by a licensed nurse.

B. Interpreting a bladder scan result: APs may perform bladder scans in some settings, but interpretation of results requires nursing knowledge and clinical decision-making, which is beyond their scope of practice.

C. Obtaining a midstream urine specimen: Collecting a urine specimen is a non-invasive task that falls within the scope of practice for an AP, as it does not require sterile technique or nursing assessment.

D. Inserting a straight catheter: Insertion of a catheter requires sterile technique and nursing assessment, making it a task reserved for licensed nurses.

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A patient reports severe flank pain. The urinalysis reveals the presence of calcium phosphate crystals. The nurse will anticipate an order for which diagnostic test?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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