A patient with acromegaly is being evaluated. Which clinical manifestation is most likely to be observed in this patient?
Weight loss.
Exophthalmos (bulging eyes).
Thin and fragile hair.
Enlarged hands and feet.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A Reason:
Weight loss is not typically associated with acromegaly. Acromegaly is characterized by excessive growth hormone production, leading to the enlargement of bones and tissues. Patients often experience weight gain rather than loss due to increased bone and soft tissue mass.
Choice B Reason:
Exophthalmos, or bulging eyes, is not a common manifestation of acromegaly. This symptom is more commonly associated with Graves’ disease, a thyroid disorder. Acromegaly primarily affects the bones and soft tissues, leading to changes in facial features and extremities.
Choice C Reason:
Thin and fragile hair is not a typical symptom of acromegaly. While hormonal imbalances can affect hair quality, acromegaly is more commonly associated with changes in bone and soft tissue structure. Symptoms like coarse, oily skin and excessive sweating are more characteristic of this condition.
Choice D Reason:
Enlarged hands and feet are hallmark signs of acromegaly. The excessive production of growth hormone leads to the enlargement of bones in the hands, feet, and face. Patients may notice that their rings no longer fit and that their shoe size has increased. This symptom is a key indicator of acromegaly and is often used in the diagnosis of the condition.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
Scleral buckling is a surgical procedure used to treat retinal detachment by indenting the wall of the eye. This technique involves placing a silicone band (buckle) around the sclera (the white part of the eye) to push the wall of the eye against the detached retina. This helps to reattach the retina and prevent further detachment. Scleral buckling is effective in treating many types of retinal detachments and is a common procedure for this condition.
Choice B Reason:
Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) is a type of refractive surgery used to correct vision problems such as myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism. It involves reshaping the cornea using a laser but is not used to treat retinal detachment. PRK does not involve indenting the wall of the eye or addressing issues with the retina.
Choice C Reason:
Vitrectomy is a surgical procedure that involves removing the vitreous gel from the eye to treat various eye conditions, including retinal detachment. While vitrectomy can be used to treat retinal detachment, it does not involve indenting the wall of the eye. Instead, it allows the surgeon to access the retina and perform necessary repairs.
Choice D Reason:
Intravitreal injection involves injecting medication directly into the vitreous cavity of the eye. This procedure is used to treat conditions such as macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and retinal vein occlusion. It is not used to treat retinal detachment by indenting the wall of the eye.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
Testing blood glucose levels every 6 hours during illness is crucial for managing type 1 diabetes. Illness can cause blood glucose levels to fluctuate unpredictably, and frequent monitoring helps in making timely adjustments to insulin doses and dietary intake. This practice helps prevent both hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia, ensuring better overall control of diabetes during periods of illness.
Choice B Reason:
Administering the usual daily dose of insulin is important even during illness. Skipping insulin doses can lead to dangerously high blood glucose levels and increase the risk of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). It is essential to continue taking insulin as prescribed and to consult with a healthcare provider if any adjustments are needed based on blood glucose readings.
Choice C Reason:
Limiting juices, soda, and gelatin is not typically recommended during illness for patients with type 1 diabetes. These items can be useful for maintaining hydration and providing quick sources of carbohydrates if the patient is unable to eat solid foods. Instead of limiting these items, it is more important to monitor carbohydrate intake and adjust insulin doses accordingly.
Choice D Reason:
Reporting a blood glucose level greater than 300 is critical for preventing complications. High blood glucose levels can indicate the onset of DKA, a serious condition that requires immediate medical attention. Promptly reporting elevated blood glucose levels allows for timely intervention and management to prevent severe complications.
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