A patient with anorexia nervosa shows signs of malnutrition and is prescribed parenteral nutrition. If the client develops refeeding syndrome, what laboratory tests does the nurse expect the healthcare provider to order? (Select all that apply.)
Serum phosphorus
Serum blood glucose
Serum calcium
Serum potassium
Serum magnesium
Correct Answer : A,C,D,E
A. Serum phosphorus is crucial to monitor in patients at risk for refeeding syndrome. Hypophosphatemia is a key sign of the syndrome and can lead to severe complications, such as respiratory failure and cardiac arrhythmias.
B. Serum blood glucose levels are important to monitor, especially since refeeding syndrome can cause rapid shifts in glucose metabolism. However, it is not a primary test to diagnose refeeding syndrome. Blood glucose monitoring will be part of the overall management, but not the core test for the syndrome.
C. Serum calcium should be monitored because it can also decrease in refeeding syndrome due to shifts in phosphate and magnesium levels, which may affect calcium metabolism.
D. Serum potassium is essential to monitor because hypokalemia often occurs in refeeding syndrome as the body shifts electrolytes into cells. This can cause muscle weakness, arrhythmias, and other serious complications.
E. Serum magnesium is also important to check, as hypomagnesemia is commonly seen in refeeding syndrome and can contribute to neurological and cardiac symptoms.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Strictureplasty is a surgical procedure, not a non-surgical procedure. It is used to treat strictures by widening them, typically in the gastrointestinal tract.
B. Strictureplasty does not remove strictures but rather works to widen or repair the narrowed areas, allowing for improved passage through the affected part of the gastrointestinal tract.
C. Strictureplasty is not used to repair fractures in bones. It is specifically used in the gastrointestinal system to treat strictures.
D. Strictureplasty is commonly performed in the treatment of Crohn's disease, particularly in cases where the disease causes strictures in the intestines. It is a procedure that can help maintain the integrity of the intestine by widening narrowed areas without the need for resection.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. An intolerance to the feedings might cause discomfort, but it would not typically cause increasing pain, fever, and dyspnea. These symptoms are more indicative of a serious complication.
B. Esophageal perforation with fistula formation into the lung is the most likely cause of these symptoms. A perforation can lead to leakage of gastric contents into the pleural space or mediastinum, causing fever, pain, and respiratory distress. The formation of a fistula between the esophagus and the lung would lead to dyspnea.
C. Extension of the tumor into the aorta is a rare complication that would typically manifest with symptoms related to cardiovascular issues, not gastrointestinal symptoms like fever and dyspnea.
D. Leakage of fluids into the mediastinum is a possible cause of the symptoms, but esophageal perforation with a fistula into the lung is more directly linked to these specific symptoms, especially dyspnea.
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