A patient with fluid volume deficit must receive a 250 mL IV bolus of NS over 25 minutes via a peripherally inserted central line (PICC) on an IV pump. At what rate will the nurse program the pump? Round to the nearest whole number. Do not use trailing zeros.

Choice A Reason:

Labeling mild anxiety as pathologic and suggesting that it warrants postponing the test is not accurate. Mild anxiety is a normal response to stress and can actually be beneficial in certain situations. It helps to increase alertness and focus, which can improve performance on tasks such as taking a test. Pathologic anxiety, on the other hand, is excessive and persistent, interfering with daily functioning and requiring clinical intervention.

Choice B Reason:

The idea that mild anxiety may be transferred to classmates and result in generalized anxiety disorder is not supported by evidence. Anxiety is a personal experience and while it can be influenced by the environment, it is not something that can be directly transferred from one person to another. Generalized anxiety disorder is a chronic condition characterized by excessive worry about various aspects of life, and it develops due to a combination of genetic, environmental, and psychological factors.

Choice C Reason:

While severe anxiety can interfere with cognitive ability, mild anxiety typically does not. In fact, mild anxiety can enhance cognitive performance by increasing alertness and focus. It is only when anxiety becomes overwhelming that it starts to impair cognitive functions such as memory, attention, and problem-solving.

Choice D Reason:

Mild anxiety is conducive to concentration and problem-solving. This level of anxiety can act as a motivator, helping individuals to focus better and perform tasks more efficiently. The Yerkes-Dodson law suggests that there is an optimal level of arousal (including anxiety) that enhances performance. Too little arousal can lead to underperformance, while too much can cause performance to deteriorate.

Choice A Reason:

It is extremely important to maintain professional boundaries with clients.

Maintaining professional boundaries is crucial in nursing to ensure a therapeutic and trusting relationship between the nurse and the client. Crossing these boundaries can lead to ethical issues and compromise the care provided. In this scenario, the nurse allowed personal relationships to influence professional behavior, which is inappropriate and can undermine the client’s trust and the integrity of the nurse-client relationship.

Choice B Reason:

Countertransference may have been a factor in your actions with this client.

Countertransference occurs when a nurse’s personal feelings and experiences influence their professional interactions with a client. In this case, the nurse’s familiarity with the client as a childhood friend of a sibling may have led to biased actions, such as allowing the use of a personal mobile device and sharing confidential information. Recognizing and managing countertransference is essential to maintain objectivity and provide unbiased care.

Choice C Reason:

It would have been better if you called your sibling instead of texting.

This statement is not relevant to the primary issues at hand. Whether the nurse called or texted their sibling does not change the fact that sharing the client’s hospitalization status was a breach of confidentiality. The focus should be on the inappropriate disclosure of protected health information, not the method of communication.

Choice D Reason:

Policies can be amended for clients who are admitted voluntarily, not involuntarily.

This statement is incorrect. Policies regarding the use of personal mobile devices and confidentiality apply to all clients, regardless of whether they are admitted voluntarily or involuntarily. The nurse’s actions violated these policies, and the distinction between voluntary and involuntary admission does not justify the breach.

Choice E Reason:

You have violated HIPAA regulations by notifying your sibling of the client’s admission.

This is the correct response. The nurse violated HIPAA regulations by disclosing the client’s hospitalization status to their sibling without the client’s consent. HIPAA protects the privacy of individuals’ health information, and unauthorized disclosure is a serious violation that can result in legal and professional consequences.