A phlebotomist should instruct a patient to take which of the following actions when providing a sputum specimen?
Collect the stool directly into a sterile container.
Discard the first urine of the day and collect for 24 hours.
Aggressively swab the inside of the cheek.
Take a deep breath and then expectorate.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason:
Collecting stool directly into a sterile container is not related to providing a sputum specimen. Stool samples are collected for different types of tests, such as fecal occult blood tests or microbiological cultures, and are not used for respiratory assessments.
Choice B reason:
Discarding the first urine of the day and collecting for 24 hours is a procedure for a 24-hour urine collection test, which is used to assess kidney function and other conditions. This process is unrelated to sputum specimen collection, which is used to evaluate respiratory infections or conditions.
Choice C reason:
Aggressively swabbing the inside of the cheek is a method used to collect cells for DNA testing or to check for oral infections. This action does not pertain to sputum collection, which requires a sample from the lower respiratory tract.
Choice D reason:
Taking a deep breath and then expectorating (coughing up and spitting out) is the correct method for providing a sputum specimen. This technique ensures that the sputum comes from deep within the lungs, which is necessary for accurate analysis of respiratory pathogens or cells.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Having the bevel down at a 30° angle is not the correct needle position for venipuncture. The bevel of the needle should be facing up to allow for a smoother insertion and to minimize the risk of damaging the vein or causing discomfort to the patient.
Choice B reason:
Positioning the bevel up at a 45° angle is not recommended for venipuncture as this angle is too steep and could lead to the needle penetrating through the vein, potentially causing a hematoma or other complications.
Choice C reason:
The bevel up at a 30° angle is the correct position for venipuncture. This position allows the phlebotomist to insert the needle with the bevel facing upwards, which is the sharpest part of the needle, ensuring a clean entry into the vein. The 30° angle is shallow enough to enter the vein without going through it and causing injury.
Choice D reason:
A bevel down at a 45° angle is incorrect for the same reasons as choice B. Additionally, with the bevel down, the non-beveled side, which is duller, would make the initial contact with the skin, potentially causing more pain and making it more difficult to penetrate the vein.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Septicemia, also known as sepsis, is a serious bloodstream infection that can be life-threatening. It is not a disorder that is screened for at birth because it is not a congenital condition but rather an infection that can occur at any time when bacteria enter the bloodstream.
Choice B reason:
Bacteremia refers to the presence of bacteria in the bloodstream and, like septicemia, is not a congenital disorder. It is not typically screened for at birth as it is an acquired condition that can occur after exposure to bacteria.
Choice C reason:
Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a genetic disorder that results in an inability to metabolize the amino acid phenylalanine. Untreated, PKU can lead to intellectual disability, seizures, and other serious health problems. Newborn screening for PKU is required in every state in the U.S. because early detection and dietary treatment can prevent the severe consequences of the disorder.
Choice D reason:
Proteinuria is the presence of abnormal amounts of protein in the urine, which can be a sign of kidney disease. It is not a condition that is screened for at birth as part of the standard newborn screening panel.
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