A pregnant client is undergoing a nipple-stimulated contraction stress test (CST). She is experiencing contractions every three minutes.

The fetal heart rate (FHR) baseline is approximately 120 beats/min with no decelerations.

How should the nurse document this test?

Choice A rationale:

Incorrect. This statement describes autosomal dominant inheritance, not autosomal recessive inheritance. In autosomal dominant inheritance, only one copy of the abnormal gene is needed to cause the disorder. However, in autosomal recessive inheritance, both copies of the gene must be abnormal for the disorder to be expressed.

Choice B rationale:

Incorrect. This statement describes X-linked recessive inheritance, not autosomal recessive inheritance. In X-linked recessive inheritance, the abnormal gene is located on the X chromosome. Males have only one X chromosome, so if they inherit the abnormal gene, they will have the disorder. Females have two X chromosomes, so they must inherit two copies of the abnormal gene (one from each parent) to have the disorder.

Choice C rationale:

Correct. This statement accurately describes autosomal recessive inheritance. In autosomal recessive inheritance, both copies of the gene must be abnormal for the disorder to be expressed. This means that both parents must be carriers of the abnormal gene in order for their child to have the disorder.

Choice D rationale:

Incorrect. This statement is partially correct, but it does not fully describe autosomal recessive inheritance. The disorder can occur in both males and females, but it is not limited to heterozygous females. Homozygous females (those who have two copies of the abnormal gene) will also have the disorder.

Choice A rationale:

Hispanic women: While Hispanic cultures often emphasize strength and resilience, their expression of pain during labor can vary significantly. Some may vocalize their pain while others may remain more stoic. It's important to avoid generalizations and assess each individual's preferences and needs.

Choice B rationale:

Chinese women: In traditional Chinese culture, stoicism in the face of pain is often valued. This may be rooted in Confucianism, which emphasizes self-control and endurance. Women may be less likely to express their pain during labor to avoid appearing weak or losing face. They may also believe that vocalizing pain could negatively impact the birthing process. However, as labor progresses, they may become more vocal and request pain relief.

Choice C rationale:

Caucasian/European women: Caucasian women exhibit diverse responses to labor pain, influenced by personal experiences, cultural beliefs, and social expectations. Some may express their pain openly, while others may prefer to manage it quietly. It's crucial to avoid stereotyping and provide individualized care.

Choice D rationale:

African-American women: African-American women often express their pain during labor more openly than some other cultural groups. This may be due to historical experiences of racism and discrimination in healthcare, leading to a distrust of medical professionals and a greater reliance on self-advocacy. They may also have a stronger sense of community and support networks that encourage open expression of pain.