A researcher discovered a sensory receptor that detects decreasing oxygen concentrations in the blood. According to the principles of negative feedback, it is likely that stimulation of this sensory receptor will produce which of the following response(s)?
a decrease in heart rate
an increase in the respiratory rate
a decrease in the respiratory rate
A and C
A and B
The Correct Answer is B
A. a decrease in heart rate: Low oxygen usually triggers the body to increase heart rate to deliver more oxygen-not decrease it.
B. an increase in the respiratory rate: In negative feedback, low oxygen stimulates chemoreceptors which trigger an increase in respiratory rate to bring in more oxygen.
C. a decrease in the respiratory rate: This would worsen the low oxygen state, and is contrary to how the body responds.
D. A and C: Both options are inappropriate responses to low oxygen levels.
E. A and B: While B is correct, A is not, so this combination is also incorrect.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. it is a base and the hydrogen ion concentration increased: A base decreases H⁺ concentration by accepting H⁺ or releasing OH⁻.
B. it is an acid and the hydrogen ion concentration decreased: Acids increase H⁺ concentration, and a pH of 9.4 is basic, not acidic.
C. it is a base and the hydrogen ion concentration decreased: A pH of 9.4 is above 7, indicating a basic solution, and bases lower H⁺ concentration.
D. it is a buffer and the hydrogen ion concentration increased: A buffer resists changes in pH; it doesn't make pH jump to 9.4. Also, H⁺ would not increase in a basic environment.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. enhance changes in the pH of solutions: A buffer does the opposite-it prevents drastic pH changes.
B. resist drastic changes in the pH of solutions: Buffers help maintain stable pH by neutralizing excess acids or bases (e.g., bicarbonate buffer system in blood).
C. have no effect on the pH of solutions: Buffers do affect pH-they stabilize it.
D. make a solution more acidic: Buffers don’t always make solutions acidic; they can neutralize both acids and bases.
E. make a solution more basic: Same rationale-buffers do not push pH in one direction, they resist change.
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