A school nurse is assessing a school-age child and notices white flakes that don't brush off the hair and a rash on the back of the child's neck.
The nurse should suspect which of the following disorders?
Folliculitis.
Tinea capitis.
Impetigo contagiosa.
Pediculosis capitis.
The Correct Answer is D
The correct answer is choice D: Pediculosis capitis.
Choice D rationale: Pediculosis capitis is an infestation of head lice, which causes symptoms such as white flakes that do not brush off the hair easily and a rash on the back of the neck. These symptoms are due to the lice feeding on the scalp and laying eggs (nits), which can cause itching and irritation.
Choice A rationale: Folliculitis is an inflammation of the hair follicles, typically caused by bacterial or fungal infections. While it can cause a rash, it is not characterized by white flakes in the hair.
Choice B rationale: Tinea capitis, also known as ringworm of the scalp, is a fungal infection that causes scaly, itchy patches on the scalp. It may lead to hair loss in the affected areas, but it does not typically cause white flakes that do not brush off the hair.
Choice C rationale: Impetigo contagiosa is a highly contagious bacterial skin infection that causes blisters or sores on the skin. It does not involve white flakes in the hair and primarily affects exposed skin rather than the scalp.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A cerebral palsy is a group of disorders that affect movement and muscle tone or posture.
It’s caused by damage that occurs to the immature, developing brain, most often before birth.
Signs and symptoms appear during infancy or preschool years.
In general, cerebral palsy causes impaired movement associated with exaggerated reflexes, floppiness or spasticity of the limbs and trunk, unusual posture, involuntary movements, unsteady walking, or some combination of these.
An 8-month-old infant with cerebral palsy may have developmental delays and may require pillow props to sit up.
Choice A, Tracking an object with eyes, is a normal developmental milestone for
an infant.
Choice C, Uses a pincer grasp to pick up a toy, is also a normal developmental
milestone for an infant.
Choice D, Smiles when a parent appears, is also a normal developmental milestone for an infant.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
The correct answer is d. Modify the environment.
Rationale for each choice:
Choice a. Improve the client's communication skills.
- Statement:While communication is important,it is not the priority for a child with hemiplegic cerebral palsy.
- Rationale:Hemiplegic cerebral palsy primarily affects motor skills,not communication abilities.While some children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy may have speech difficulties,it is not the most pressing concern in this case.Addressing environmental barriers to promote mobility and independence takes precedence.
Choice b. Provide respite services for the parents.
- Statement:Respite services can provide valuable support for parents,but they are not the priority in this case.
- Rationale:The focus of the care plan should be on the child's immediate needs and safety.Modifying the environment to enhance the child's functional abilities is crucial for their development and well-being.
Choice c. Foster self-care activities.
- Statement:Encouraging self-care is essential,but it requires a supportive environment.
- Rationale:Before promoting self-care activities,the nurse must ensure the child has the necessary accommodations and modifications in place to facilitate independence.
Choice d. Modify the environment.
- Statement:This is the priority goal for a child with hemiplegic cerebral palsy.
- Rationale:Modifying the home environment can significantly improve the child's mobility,safety,and ability to participate in daily activities.Examples of modifications include:
- Installing grab bars in the bathroom
- Widening doorways
- Removing tripping hazards
- Providing adaptive equipment such as special chairs or utensils
- Ensuring adequatelighting
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