A school nurse is conducting an assessment on a child and notices the presence of Koplik spots on the child’s buccal mucosa.
What should be the nurse’s next course of action?
Review the immunization records of the child’s classmates.
Advise the caregivers to increase the child’s Vitamin B intake.
Examine the child’s classmates for enlargement of the parotid gland.
Contact the local health department.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Reviewing the immunization records of the child’s classmates might be a subsequent step after confirming the diagnosis and reporting to the health department. However, the immediate action should be to contact the local health department.
Choice B rationale
Advising the caregivers to increase the child’s Vitamin B intake is not relevant in this context. Koplik spots are a sign of measles, a viral infection, and increasing Vitamin B intake would not affect the course of this disease.
Choice C rationale
Examining the child’s classmates for enlargement of the parotid gland is not appropriate because enlargement of the parotid gland is a symptom of mumps, not measles.
Choice D rationale
Contacting the local health department is the correct action. Koplik spots are a characteristic sign of measles, a highly contagious and reportable disease. The local health department can provide guidance on further steps, including confirmation of the diagnosis, treatment, and measures to prevent the spread of the disease.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
The statement about only going to the hospital if the client stops breathing is incorrect. Palliative care is not limited to end-of-life care and does not restrict hospital visits to only life- threatening situations. It is a comprehensive approach to treatment that focuses on improving quality of life for patients and their families, addressing physical, psychosocial, and spiritual problems.
Choice B rationale
The statement about needing to stop treatments for cancer before beginning palliative care is incorrect. Palliative care can be provided alongside curative treatment and is not dependent on the cessation of other treatments. It is designed to alleviate symptoms and improve quality of life at any stage of illness, not just at the end of life.
Choice C rationale
The statement about having about 6 months or less to live if the oncologist recommends palliative care is incorrect. Palliative care is not only for end-of-life situations. It can be introduced at any stage of illness, even at the same time as treatment aimed at curing the disease. The goal of palliative care is to improve quality of life by providing relief from the symptoms and stress of the illness.
Choice D rationale
The statement about the purpose of palliative care being to provide comfort measures for cancer is correct. Palliative care aims to relieve symptoms and improve the quality of life for patients with serious illnesses, including advanced-stage lung cancer. It can help manage
symptoms such as pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, nausea, loss of appetite, problems with sleep, and emotional issues like anxiety and depression.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
In the epidemiological triangle, the virus is considered the agent, not the host.
Choice B rationale
The vaccine is a form of intervention to prevent the disease, not the host.
Choice C rationale
The school could be considered the environment in which the host (the children) and the agent (the virus) interact, but it is not the host itself.
Choice D rationale
This is the correct answer. In the context of a mumps outbreak among school-age children, the children are the hosts. They are the ones who can become infected with the mumps virus.
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