A survey of students (N = 75) regarding sleep habits and diet was conducted at one high school. Findings indicated that the food cravings score was associated with increased daytime sleep. Based on this finding, which action should the school nurse who works at this high school take?

A nurse is conducting a study of client attitudes and feelings about registering for outpatient day surgery via the Internet. Interviews of clients using a questionnaire will be conducted and the responses will be analyzed. The nurse plans to use a codebook in conducting this research study using a quantitative design. Which statement accurately describes the purpose of the codebook for this study?

In this statement describing the methodology of a research study, how was the snowball sample obtained? "From 2000 to 2004, a sample of 30 nonhospitalized women, self-identified as having postpartum depression, was recruited using network and 'snowball sampling' methods to discuss their beliefs about postpartum depression."

Which is the dependent variable in this statement of the purpose of a research study?

"To examine barriers and aids to maintaining the nutritional health of community-dwelling older residents based on their perspectives."

A nurse-manager wants to determine if clients discharged in warmer months from a postoperative orthopedic unit are more likely to adhere to a daily exercise regimen than those discharged during colder months. The nurse wants clients to have an equal chance of participating in the study, and plans to access the hospital's client database to identify those discharged from the orthopedic unit after joint replacement surgery during the past 12 months. Which type of sampling method should the researcher choose to best answer the study question?

A nurse reads this statement from the results section of a research article published in a peer- reviewed nursing journal: "Data analysis indicated a statistically significant increase in nosocomial infection rates in postoperative clients in the intensive care unit at Hospital A as compared to infection rates of a similar sample at Hospital B, but the incidence of client complications from these infections was minimal at both institutions." Which action should the nurse take based on the correct interpretation of this research finding?

What is the population of interest for a study that includes this sample?

"Registered nurses who completed orientation within 6 months of graduation from nursing school and were current employees at the study hospital were invited to participate in the study."

Which is the main reason that researchers use samples rather than populations?

The nurse leader on the risk management committee notices an alarming increase in medication errors on a quarterly report. Which is the first step in initiating a quality improvement project?

Which is the purpose of conducting a literature review for a research study?

The nurse-researcher wants to evaluate the effectiveness of guided imagery in reducing stress prior to starting an IV. In the research proposal, several studies are reported in the review of the literature section about the use of biofeedback to reduce anxiety prior to invasive procedures. Which significance level and sample size provide the greatest support for the findings reported?