A woman who is 38 weeks pregnant reports feeling dizzy when lying on her back. What does the nurse explain as the most likely cause of this symptom?

Supine hypotension syndrome

Pregnancy-induced hypotension

Anxiety

Hypoglycemia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Supine hypotension syndrome occurs when the gravid uterus compresses the inferior vena cava when the woman is lying flat on her back, leading to decreased venous return, lowered cardiac output, and a drop in blood pressure. This can cause dizziness, lightheadedness, and sometimes fainting. It is more common in the later stages of pregnancy, such as at 38 weeks.

B. Pregnancy-induced hypotension refers to a decrease in blood pressure due to pregnancy, but it typically does not occur specifically when lying on the back, and is not the main cause of dizziness when positioned in that way.

C. Anxiety can cause dizziness, but it is not the most likely cause of dizziness related to lying flat on the back, especially in late pregnancy.

D. Hypoglycemia can cause dizziness, but it is not typically triggered by a change in position like lying on the back, making it less likely in this scenario.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Relaxation of the uterine smooth muscle occurs during labor and is key for allowing the cervix to dilate. Uterine contractions, which involve smooth muscle contractions, help facilitate cervical dilation and fetal descent into the birth canal.

B. Constriction of cervical smooth muscle would not facilitate dilation. In fact, cervical dilation is enabled by the relaxation of cervical smooth muscle in response to uterine contractions.

C. Stretching of the pelvic smooth muscle helps accommodate the descending fetus, but the primary action for dilation is the uterine contractions and relaxation of the cervix.

D. Contraction of the vaginal smooth muscle occurs during labor but does not directly impact the cervical dilation or fetal descent, as the primary muscular adaptation involved in labor is uterine contractions.

A. Decrease in production of sebaceous gland secretions B. Increase in muscle mass and strength C. Stimulation of production of white cells and platelets D. Promotion of growth of small bones

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Decrease in production of sebaceous gland secretions is incorrect. Testosterone actually increases sebaceous gland activity, leading to an increase in oil production, which can contribute to acne during puberty.

B. Increase in muscle mass and strength is correct. Testosterone plays a key role in the development of secondary male characteristics, including increased muscle mass, strength, and the growth of larger bones.

C. Stimulation of production of white cells and platelets is incorrect. While testosterone affects many bodily functions, it does not directly stimulate the production of white cells or platelets.

D. Promotion of growth of small bones is incorrect. Testosterone is more closely associated with the growth and development of larger bones (e.g., long bones), leading to height increases during puberty. It does not promote the growth of small bones.

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A woman who is 38 weeks pregnant reports feeling dizzy when lying on her back. What does the nurse explain as the most likely cause of this symptom?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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