A nurse is reinforcing teaching of a newly licensed nurse about hyperemesis gravidarum. Which of the following statements by the newly licensed nurse indicates the reinforced teaching was effective?
"A decrease in saliva production may aggravate the disorder."
"Decreasing gastric secretions lead to increased nausea."
"An increase in human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels may contribute to this disorder."
"Symptoms begin and are most severe during the second trimester of pregnancy."
The Correct Answer is C
A. A decrease in saliva production may aggravate the disorder is not correct. In fact, hyperemesis gravidarum is often associated with an increase in saliva production (ptyalism) rather than a decrease.
B. Decreasing gastric secretions lead to increased nausea is inaccurate. The issue in hyperemesis gravidarum is typically an increase in nausea and vomiting, not a direct link to decreased gastric secretions.
C. An increase in human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels may contribute to this disorder is correct. Elevated hCG levels are thought to play a role in the development of hyperemesis gravidarum, as they may contribute to increased nausea and vomiting.
D. Symptoms begin and are most severe during the second trimester of pregnancy is incorrect. Hyperemesis gravidarum typically starts in the first trimester and can persist beyond that if not managed. Symptoms do not usually peak in the second trimester.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Psychological disorders may occur due to the impact on the client's quality of life is correct. Hyperemesis gravidarum can have a significant psychological impact on the client, leading to mental health issues such as depression, anxiety, and stress due to the prolonged discomfort and inability to perform daily activities.
B. Persistent nausea and vomiting are expected during the first trimester is inaccurate. While mild nausea and vomiting (morning sickness) is common during the first trimester, hyperemesis gravidarum involves severe nausea and vomiting that extends beyond the normal range and can occur at any point in pregnancy.
C. Clients who have hyperemesis gravidarum may seek care early in their pregnancy is not always true. Some clients may delay seeking care, thinking it’s normal pregnancy discomfort, while others may seek help immediately due to the severity of their symptoms.
D. Measures can be taken to prevent this disease from occurring is not correct. There are no known methods to prevent hyperemesis gravidarum, although some risk factors may increase the likelihood of developing it, such as high hCG levels or carrying multiples.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Estrogen plays a role in the development of the uterus and regulation of menstrual cycles, but it does not primarily reduce uterine contractions.
B. Testosterone is a male hormone and does not play a significant role in preventing uterine contractions during pregnancy.
C. Aldosterone helps regulate fluid balance and blood pressure, but it is not responsible for reducing uterine contractions during pregnancy.
D. Progesterone is the hormone primarily responsible for maintaining pregnancy by inhibiting uterine contractions, promoting uterine relaxation, and supporting the early stages of pregnancy. It plays a critical role in preventing spontaneous abortion, especially in early pregnancy.
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