A young adult is admitted with manifestations associated with cystic fibrosis. What should the nurse expect to find when collecting data from this patient? (Select 4 options that apply.)
Complaints of frequent foul-smelling stool
Finger clubbing
"Salty" skin surfaces
Extreme thirst
Thick sputum production
Correct Answer : A,B,C,E
A. Complaints of frequent foul-smelling stool: Clients with cystic fibrosis often have pancreatic enzyme deficiencies, leading to malabsorption and steatorrhea frequent, bulky, and foul-smelling stools that contain undigested fat.
B. Finger clubbing: Clubbing is a result of chronic hypoxia and is a common finding in patients with long-standing pulmonary disease such as cystic fibrosis. It reflects poor oxygenation over time.
C. "Salty" skin surfaces: One of the hallmark signs of cystic fibrosis is salty-tasting skin due to excessive chloride in sweat. It is often noted by parents and used in the diagnosis through sweat chloride testing.
D. Extreme thirst: While dehydration can occur in CF, especially in hot weather, extreme thirst is not a common or defining symptom. It is more typically associated with conditions like diabetes mellitus or insipidus.
E. Thick sputum production: CF leads to thick, sticky mucus production in the lungs and airways. This results in chronic cough, recurrent infections, and difficulty clearing secretions, all of which are prominent clinical features.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. 2–3 days:This is the correct time frame for interpreting a tuberculin skin test (Mantoux test). The induration response should be evaluated 48 to 72 hours after administration to ensure accurate results. Reading the test outside this window may lead to false negatives or unreliable interpretation.
B. 24 hours:Reading the skin test after only 24 hours may not allow sufficient time for the delayed hypersensitivity reaction to develop. The immune response that causes induration typically peaks at 48–72 hours.
C. 1 week:Waiting a full week exceeds the ideal time frame for interpretation. By this point, the reaction may have subsided, leading to an inaccurate or unreadable result. Follow-up must occur within 2–3 days.
D. 1 month:A return after one month is far too late to interpret the results. The test site would have long since returned to baseline, making accurate evaluation impossible and necessitating repeat testing.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Bronchitis:Bronchitis presents with a productive cough, chest discomfort, and sometimes wheezing, but it does not usually involve facial tenderness, purulent nasal drainage, or worsening nighttime cough due to postnasal drip. Symptoms also tend to resolve in under 2 weeks.
B. Sinusitis:Sinusitis is characterized by persistent cold-like symptoms lasting more than 10 days, purulent nasal discharge, headache, facial pain or tenderness, and a cough that worsens at night due to postnasal drainage. This description fits the presentation of pediatric sinusitis.
C. Asthma:Asthma presents with wheezing, shortness of breath, and episodic coughing, especially at night or during exertion. It does not cause purulent nasal drainage, facial tenderness, or prolonged cold symptoms, which point more toward sinus infection.
D. Allergic rhinitis:Allergic rhinitis causes sneezing, clear nasal discharge, itchy eyes, and nasal congestion, but not purulent drainage or facial pain. Symptoms are usually triggered by allergens and are not typically accompanied by fever or thick mucus.
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