Abnormal phenylalanine levels have a cumulative toxic effect on which body system?
Musculoskeletal system
Renal system
GI system
Central nervous system
The Correct Answer is D
The correct answer is d) Central nervous system.
Choice A reason:
The musculoskeletal system is not primarily affected by abnormal phenylalanine levels. Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a metabolic disorder that primarily impacts the brain and cognitive functions. While muscle weakness can occur due to overall health deterioration, it is not the primary system affected by phenylalanine toxicity.
Choice B reason:
The renal system is not the main target of phenylalanine toxicity. Although the kidneys play a role in filtering blood and excreting waste, the toxic effects of phenylalanine accumulation are more pronounced in the brain. Therefore, the renal system is not the primary system affected by abnormal phenylalanine levels.
Choice C reason:
The GI system, or gastrointestinal system, is not the primary system affected by abnormal phenylalanine levels. While dietary management is crucial for individuals with PKU to control phenylalanine intake, the toxic effects are primarily seen in the brain. The GI system is involved in the absorption and digestion of nutrients, but it is not the main system impacted by phenylalanine toxicity.
Choice D reason:
The central nervous system (CNS) is the primary system affected by abnormal phenylalanine levels. Phenylketonuria (PKU) leads to the accumulation of phenylalanine in the brain, causing severe brain damage and cognitive impairments. High levels of phenylalanine can disrupt neurotransmitter synthesis and brain development, leading to intellectual disabilities and other neurological issues. Therefore, the CNS is the main system impacted by phenylalanine toxicity.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["2"]
Explanation
Calculation Steps
Step 1: Determine the total urine output in mL.
- Total urine output = 360 mL
Step 2: Determine the child’s weight in kg.
- Weight = 15 kg
Step 3: Determine the time period in hours.
- Time = 12 hours
Step 4: Calculate the urine output in mL/kg/hour.
- Urine output (mL/kg/hour) = Total urine output ÷ (Weight × Time)
Step 5: Perform the multiplication inside the parentheses first.
- Weight × Time = 15 kg × 12 hours = 180 kg·hours
Step 6: Perform the division.
- Urine output (mL/kg/hour) = 360 mL ÷ 180 kg·hours = 2 mL/kg/hour
Result
The child’s urine output is 2 mL/kg/hour.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Releasing traction every hour to perform skin care: Releasing traction every hour is not recommended as it can disrupt the alignment and healing process of the fractured femur. Skin care is important, but it should be performed without compromising the traction setup.
Choice B Reason:
Releasing traction once every 8 hours to check circulation: While checking circulation is crucial, releasing traction every 8 hours is not necessary and can interfere with the therapeutic benefits of traction. Circulation can be monitored without releasing the traction.
Choice C Reason:
Maintaining continuous traction until 1 hour before the scheduled surgery: Continuous traction is essential to maintain the alignment of the fractured femur. However, there is no need to release traction 1 hour before surgery unless specifically instructed by the surgical team.
Choice D Reason:
Maintaining continuous traction and checking the position of traction: This is the most appropriate action. Continuous traction ensures proper alignment and healing of the fractured femur. Regularly checking the position of traction helps prevent complications and ensures the effectiveness of the treatment.
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