Which therapeutic management should the nurse prepare to initiate first for a child with acute diarrhea and moderate dehydration?

Oral rehydration solution (ORS)

Antidiarrheal medications such as paregoric

Clear liquids

Adsorbents, such as kaolin and pectin

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason:

Oral rehydration solution (ORS) is the first-line treatment for children with acute diarrhea and moderate dehydration. ORS contains a precise balance of electrolytes and glucose, which helps to rehydrate the child effectively by promoting the absorption of water and electrolytes in the intestines. The World Health Organization (WHO) and the American Academy of Pediatrics recommend ORS as the preferred treatment for dehydration caused by diarrhea. It is effective, easy to administer, and can be given at home or in a healthcare setting.

Choice B reason:

Antidiarrheal medications such as paregoric are not recommended for children with acute diarrhea. These medications can slow down the movement of the intestines, which may prolong the infection and increase the risk of complications. Additionally, they do not address the underlying cause of dehydration. The primary goal in managing acute diarrhea is to rehydrate the child, which is best achieved with ORS.

Choice C reason:

Clear liquids, such as water, broth, or diluted fruit juices, can be used to provide some hydration, but they do not contain the necessary electrolytes to effectively treat moderate dehydration. Clear liquids alone are not sufficient to replace the lost electrolytes and fluids caused by diarrhea. ORS is specifically formulated to address these needs and is more effective in rehydrating the child.

Choice D reason:

Adsorbents, such as kaolin and pectin, are not recommended for the treatment of acute diarrhea in children. These substances can bind to the contents of the intestines and may reduce the frequency of stools, but they do not address the underlying dehydration. The primary focus should be on rehydration with ORS, which provides the necessary electrolytes and fluids to restore the child’s hydration status.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Rye and oats: Rye contains gluten, which must be avoided by individuals with celiac disease. Oats, while naturally gluten-free, can often be contaminated with gluten during processing. Therefore, they should be introduced cautiously and only if labeled gluten-free.

Choice B Reason:

Wheat and corn: Wheat is a major source of gluten and must be strictly avoided by those with celiac disease. Corn, on the other hand, is naturally gluten-free and safe for consumption. However, since wheat is included in this option, it is not suitable for a gluten-free diet.

Choice C Reason:

Rice and soy: Both rice and soy are naturally gluten-free and safe for individuals with celiac disease. They are excellent alternatives to gluten-containing grains and provide essential nutrients.

Choice D Reason:

Barley and millet grain: Barley contains gluten and must be avoided by those with celiac disease. Millet is naturally gluten-free and safe for consumption. However, since barley is included in this option, it is not suitable for a gluten-free diet.

A. Walnuts B. Cow’s milk C. Bananas D. Diet soda with aspartame

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Walnuts are a source of protein and contain phenylalanine, an amino acid that individuals with phenylketonuria (PKU) must limit in their diet. While nuts can be a healthy snack for most people, they are not suitable for those with PKU due to their high phenylalanine content. Therefore, walnuts are not the best choice for children with PKU.

Choice B reason:

Cow’s milk is another source of protein and contains significant amounts of phenylalanine. Dairy products, including milk, cheese, and yogurt, are generally high in protein and should be avoided by individuals with PKU. Consuming cow’s milk can lead to elevated levels of phenylalanine in the blood, which can be harmful to children with PKU.

Choice C reason:

Bananas are a fruit that contains very low levels of phenylalanine. Fruits and vegetables are generally safe for individuals with PKU as they are low in protein and phenylalanine. Bananas, in particular, are a good option for children with PKU as they provide essential nutrients without contributing to high phenylalanine levels.

Choice D reason:

Diet soda with aspartame should be avoided by individuals with PKU because aspartame is an artificial sweetener that contains phenylalanine. Consuming products with aspartame can lead to an increase in phenylalanine levels in the blood, which can be harmful to those with PKU. Therefore, diet soda with aspartame is not a suitable choice for children with PKU.

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Which therapeutic management should the nurse prepare to initiate first for a child with acute diarrhea and moderate dehydration?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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