Which therapeutic management should the nurse prepare to initiate first for a child with acute diarrhea and moderate dehydration?

Oral rehydration solution (ORS)

Antidiarrheal medications such as paregoric

Clear liquids

Adsorbents, such as kaolin and pectin

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason:

Oral rehydration solution (ORS) is the first-line treatment for children with acute diarrhea and moderate dehydration. ORS contains a precise balance of electrolytes and glucose, which helps to rehydrate the child effectively by promoting the absorption of water and electrolytes in the intestines. The World Health Organization (WHO) and the American Academy of Pediatrics recommend ORS as the preferred treatment for dehydration caused by diarrhea. It is effective, easy to administer, and can be given at home or in a healthcare setting.

Choice B reason:

Antidiarrheal medications such as paregoric are not recommended for children with acute diarrhea. These medications can slow down the movement of the intestines, which may prolong the infection and increase the risk of complications. Additionally, they do not address the underlying cause of dehydration. The primary goal in managing acute diarrhea is to rehydrate the child, which is best achieved with ORS.

Choice C reason:

Clear liquids, such as water, broth, or diluted fruit juices, can be used to provide some hydration, but they do not contain the necessary electrolytes to effectively treat moderate dehydration. Clear liquids alone are not sufficient to replace the lost electrolytes and fluids caused by diarrhea. ORS is specifically formulated to address these needs and is more effective in rehydrating the child.

Choice D reason:

Adsorbents, such as kaolin and pectin, are not recommended for the treatment of acute diarrhea in children. These substances can bind to the contents of the intestines and may reduce the frequency of stools, but they do not address the underlying dehydration. The primary focus should be on rehydration with ORS, which provides the necessary electrolytes and fluids to restore the child’s hydration status.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A: OI is Easily Treated

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is not easily treated. It is a genetic disorder characterized by fragile bones that break easily. While there are treatments available to manage symptoms and improve quality of life, there is no cure for OI1. Treatments include medications to strengthen bones, physical therapy, and surgical procedures.

Choice B: With a Later Onset, the Disease Usually Runs a More Difficult Course

The severity of osteogenesis imperfecta can vary widely, but it is not necessarily true that a later onset leads to a more difficult course. The course of the disease depends on the type of OI and the specific genetic mutation involved. Some types of OI are more severe and present earlier in life, while others are milder and may not be diagnosed until later.

Choice C: Braces and PT Exercises are of No Therapeutic Value

This statement is incorrect. Braces and physical therapy (PT) exercises are valuable in managing osteogenesis imperfecta. Physical therapy helps in building muscle strength, improving joint movement, and preventing fractures. Braces can provide support for weak muscles, decrease pain, and keep joints properly aligned.

Choice D: OI is an Inherited Disorder

This statement is true. Osteogenesis imperfecta is a genetic disorder that is usually inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. This means that a person only needs one copy of the defective gene from one parent to inherit the disorder. In some cases, OI can also occur due to a spontaneous mutation.

A. Offer peanut butter and 8 oz of water to drink B. Give one tablespoon of ice cream C. Give a hard candy lollipop to lick D. Provide 1/2 cup juice followed by cheese with a cracker

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Offering peanut butter and water is not the best immediate action for treating hypoglycemia. Peanut butter is a protein-rich food that takes longer to digest and does not quickly raise blood sugar levels. Water does not contain any carbohydrates and will not help in raising blood sugar levels.

Choice B Reason:

Giving one tablespoon of ice cream is not the most effective way to treat hypoglycemia. While ice cream contains sugar, it also has fat, which slows down the absorption of sugar into the bloodstream. This delay can prevent the rapid correction of low blood sugar levels.

Choice C Reason:

Giving a hard candy lollipop to lick can provide some sugar, but it is not the most efficient method for quickly raising blood sugar levels. The amount of sugar in a lollipop may not be sufficient to correct hypoglycemia, and the slow consumption may delay the necessary rise in blood sugar.

Choice D Reason:

Providing 1/2 cup of juice followed by cheese with a cracker is the best action for treating hypoglycemia. Juice contains fast-acting carbohydrates that can quickly raise blood sugar levels. Following it with cheese and a cracker provides protein and fat, which help stabilize blood sugar levels and prevent them from dropping again.

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Which therapeutic management should the nurse prepare to initiate first for a child with acute diarrhea and moderate dehydration?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which statement is true concerning osteogenesis imperfecta (OI)?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Hypoglycemia can occur suddenly in children, and parents and caregivers must be prepared to act quickly. What is the best action when a child is experiencing hypoglycemic symptoms?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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