After traveling through the proximal convoluted tubule, glomerular filtrate enters which of the following nephron components?
Bowman's capsule
Collecting duct
Glomerulus
Loop of Henle
The Correct Answer is D
A. Bowman's capsule:
Bowman's capsule is the initial part of the nephron where blood is filtered to form glomerular filtrate. The filtrate is collected here after being filtered through the glomerulus. However, after traveling through the proximal convoluted tubule, the filtrate does not return to Bowman's capsule.
B. Collecting duct:
The collecting duct is the final part of the nephron where urine is collected after it has passed through the nephron’s other components. The glomerular filtrate enters the collecting duct after passing through the Loop of Henle and the distal convoluted tubule, not directly from the proximal convoluted tubule.
C. Glomerulus:
The glomerulus is a network of capillaries located within Bowman's capsule where blood filtration begins. After filtration occurs, the filtrate moves into the proximal convoluted tubule. The filtrate does not return to the glomerulus after it has passed through the proximal convoluted tubule.
D. Loop of Henle:
After the glomerular filtrate passes through the proximal convoluted tubule, it enters the Loop of Henle. This segment of the nephron is crucial for concentrating urine by reabsorbing water and salts from the filtrate, thereby playing an essential role in the body's fluid and electrolyte balance.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Eccrine:
Eccrine glands are sweat glands that are widely distributed across the body and primarily function in regulating body temperature through sweat production. They do not produce oil for hair follicle lubrication.
B. Ceruminous:
Ceruminous glands are specialized sweat glands located in the external ear canal. They produce earwax (cerumen. rather than oil for lubricating hair follicles.
C. Sebaceous:
Sebaceous glands produce an oily substance called sebum, which lubricates and moisturizes hair follicles and the skin. This oil helps prevent hair and skin from becoming too dry.
D. Apocrine:
Apocrine glands are sweat glands found mainly in the axillary and groin regions. They secrete a thicker sweat that is associated with body odor and does not produce oil for hair follicle lubrication.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. The volume of the cell decreases: In a hypertonic solution, the concentration of solutes outside the red blood cell is higher than inside. This causes water to leave the cell through osmosis, leading to a decrease in the cell's volume and resulting in cell shrinkage or crenation.
B. The permeability of the cell membrane decreases: The permeability of the cell membrane is not directly affected by the tonicity of the solution. Osmotic pressure affects water movement but does not change the permeability of the membrane.
C. The volume of the cell increases: In a hypertonic solution, the volume of the cell decreases due to water loss, not an increase.
D. The permeability of the cell membrane increases: The tonicity of the solution does not alter the permeability of the cell membrane. The cell membrane’s permeability is generally consistent, though the osmotic gradient affects the movement of water in and out of the cell.
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