Which of the following kidney functions contributes to the production of red blood cells?
Releasing stored bicarbonate
Producing and secreting erythropoietin
Stimulating conversion of angiotensinogen
Activating vitamin D
The Correct Answer is B
a. Releasing stored bicarbonate: This function helps regulate acid-base balance but is not related to red blood cell production.
b. Producing and secreting erythropoietin: The kidneys produce and release erythropoietin, a hormone that stimulates red blood cell production in the bone marrow.
c. Stimulating conversion of angiotensinogen: This is part of the renin-angiotensin system, which regulates blood pressure and fluid balance, not red blood cell production.
d. Activating vitamin D: This function helps in calcium and phosphate metabolism but is not directly involved in red blood cell production.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
a. Parathyroid: Parathyroid glands regulate calcium levels in the blood, not testosterone.
b. Posterior pituitary: The posterior pituitary gland stores and releases hormones produced in the hypothalamus, not testosterone.
c. Thyroid: The thyroid gland produces thyroid hormones, not testosterone.
d. Anterior pituitary: The anterior pituitary gland produces gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which stimulates the testes to produce testosterone in males.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
a. Insulin and glucagon: These hormones have opposite effects on blood glucose levels; insulin decreases blood glucose by facilitating cellular uptake, while glucagon increases blood glucose by stimulating glycogen breakdown and gluconeogenesis.
b. Ghrelin and gastrin: Ghrelin stimulates appetite, and gastrin stimulates gastric acid secretion, but they do not directly oppose each other.
c. Calcitonin and melatonin: Calcitonin lowers blood calcium levels, while melatonin regulates sleep-wake cycles; they do not act as antagonists.
d. Androsterone and estradiol: These are sex hormones with different roles but are not direct antagonists; they do not have opposing effects in the body.
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