Albumin 25% IV is prescribed for a child with nephrotic syndrome. Which assessment finding indicates to the nurse that the medication is having the desired effect?

Reduction of fever.

Weight gain.

Reduction of edema.

Improved caloric intake.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale

Reduction of fever is not the primary goal of albumin therapy. Albumin's role in nephrotic syndrome is to manage severe edema, not to reduce fever, which might be managed by antipyretics if present.

Choice B rationale

Weight gain is typically undesirable in nephrotic syndrome patients due to fluid retention and edema. Albumin therapy aims to reduce edema, potentially decreasing weight as fluid balance improves.

Choice C rationale

Albumin infusion helps reduce edema by increasing plasma oncotic pressure, drawing fluid back into the vascular system. A reduction in edema indicates the therapy’s effectiveness in managing nephrotic syndrome symptoms.

Choice D rationale

Improved caloric intake is not directly affected by albumin infusion. While managing edema might improve overall well-being, albumin’s primary function in this context is fluid balance and reducing swelling.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

A sore throat, often due to Streptococcus pyogenes, is a significant precursor to acute rheumatic fever. The body’s immune response to the infection can attack its own tissues, leading to rheumatic heart disease if untreated.

Choice B rationale

Influenza is a viral infection and does not typically lead to acute rheumatic fever. While it can cause significant illness, its mechanism and sequelae are unrelated to those of rheumatic fever.

Choice C rationale

Chickenpox, caused by the varicella-zoster virus, presents with distinct symptoms like a vesicular rash and is not linked to rheumatic fever. It primarily affects the skin and nervous system, not the heart.

Choice D rationale

Mumps, a viral infection, mainly impacts the salivary glands and sometimes the pancreas and testes but is not associated with rheumatic fever. Its pathology differs from the immune-mediated damage seen in rheumatic fever.

A. Instill benzocaine otic drops regularly. B. Schedule a visit for the pneumococcal vaccine. C. Give the infant the full course of antibiotics. D. Avoid any smoking inside the house.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Benzocaine otic drops are used for pain relief and do not address the root cause of infections. Regular use without medical advice can lead to masking of symptoms and possibly delay appropriate treatment. The focus should be on preventing infections through other methods like vaccinations and avoiding irritants.

Choice B rationale

Scheduling a visit for the pneumococcal vaccine is appropriate as it can help protect against Streptococcus pneumoniae, a common cause of otitis media. Vaccinations are a preventive measure to reduce the frequency and severity of infections in infants and children.

Choice C rationale

Giving the infant the full course of antibiotics is crucial in treating and preventing recurrent infections. Incomplete antibiotic courses can lead to bacterial resistance and recurrence of infections. Caregivers must be educated on the importance of adhering to the prescribed treatment plan.

Choice D rationale

Avoiding smoking inside the house is essential as secondhand smoke is a significant risk factor for otitis media. Smoke can irritate the respiratory system and Eustachian tubes, making infants more susceptible to infections. Caregivers should be advised to maintain a smoke-free environment to protect the child's health.

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Albumin 25% IV is prescribed for a child with nephrotic syndrome. Which assessment finding indicates to the nurse that the medication is having the desired effect?

Nursing Test Bank

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Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

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