An 11-year-old, who is diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder, becomes angry and disruptive over the rules of the day treatment program. The nurse should de-escalate the situation by:

calling staff to place the child in the locked seclusion room.

placing the child in physical restraints.

providing a prn anxiolytic medication.

suggesting that the child go into the gym and shoot some baskets.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

D. It offers the child a constructive way to release pent-up energy and frustration in a safe and non- confrontational manner. Physical activity can be a helpful tool in managing anger and disruptive behavior, as it allows the child to channel their emotions into a productive activity.
A. This option is not appropriate because it involves isolating the child in a locked room, which could further escalate the situation and may traumatize the child. Seclusion should only be used as a last resort in situations where the child or others are at risk of harm.
B. Physical restraints should only be used as a last resort in situations where the child poses an immediate danger to themselves or others. Using physical restraints can escalate the situation and may cause physical and psychological harm to the child.
C. Medication may be prescribed to manage symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder. However, using a PRN (as needed) anxiolytic medication to manage acute agitation should only be done under the guidance of a healthcare provider.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

B. Methylphenidate is a central nervous system stimulant commonly used in the treatment of ADHD. It works by increasing the levels of certain neurotransmitters in the brain, which helps improve attention, focus, and impulse control in individuals with ADHD. Teaching the family about methylphenidate would be appropriate as it is one of the most commonly prescribed medications for ADHD.
A. Fluphenazine is an antipsychotic medication primarily used to treat psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. It is not typically used as a first-line treatment for ADHD
C. Diazepam is a benzodiazepine medication primarily used to treat anxiety disorders, muscle spasms, and seizures. It is not indicated for the treatment of ADHD.
D. Haloperidol is an antipsychotic medication primarily used to treat psychotic disorders and severe behavioral disturbances. It is not a first-line treatment for ADHD.

A. assess the client's airway and breathing. B. assess the client's gag reflex. C. call the physician immediately. D. document this as normal findings and reassess in half an hour.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The client's lethargy and lack of response to verbal commands raise concerns about their level of consciousness and potential airway compromise. Assessing the client's airway and breathing involves ensuring that the airway is clear, assessing respiratory rate and effort, and monitoring oxygenation.
B. Assessing the gag reflex can provide additional information about airway protection. However, it should not delay assessment and intervention for airway and breathing concerns.
C. Contacting the physician may be necessary but it is not the priority nursing action in this situation. The nurse should first assess the client's airway and breathing to ensure their safety and stability.
D. The client's lethargy and unresponsiveness are not normal findings after an endoscopy and require immediate assessment and intervention. Delaying assessment and intervention could lead to serious complications, including respiratory compromise or airway obstruction.

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An 11-year-old, who is diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder, becomes angry and disruptive over the rules of the day treatment program. The nurse should de-escalate the situation by:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A physician mentions to the nurse that a child with Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) will begin medication therapy. The nurse should prepare a plan to teach the family about:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a client after an endoscopy. The client is lethargic and not responding to verbal commands. The priority nursing action is to:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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