An 8-year-old who is receiving treatment for nephrotic syndrome should have a plan of care for the reduction of the risk for which complication?
Infection.
Hypertension.
Weight loss.
Hyperkalemia.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale:
Children with nephrotic syndrome are at an increased risk of infection due to loss of immunoglobulins and other immune-related proteins in the urine, along with the use of immunosuppressive medications. The proteinuria associated with nephrotic syndrome leads to hypoalbuminemia and decreased immunity, making the child susceptible to infections, particularly bacterial peritonitis. Preventive measures include proper hand hygiene, maintaining a clean environment, and timely administration of prescribed antibiotics.
Choice B rationale:
Hypertension is not a primary complication of nephrotic syndrome in children. While they may have fluid retention and edema, resulting in increased blood pressure, infection is a more significant concern.
Choice C rationale:
Weight loss is not a typical complication of nephrotic syndrome but rather the opposite. Children with nephrotic syndrome often experience weight gain due to fluid retention and edema.
Choice D rationale:
Hyperkalemia is a possible electrolyte imbalance in nephrotic syndrome, but it is not a primary concern for children with this condition. The loss of protein in the urine can lead to hypoalbuminemia and subsequent edema, but hyperkalemia is not a common initial complication.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
The correct answer is choice d. Places the child in a prone position after feeding.
Choice A rationale:
Holding the child’s head in an upright position during feeding is appropriate as it helps prevent aspiration and ensures proper swallowing.
Choice B rationale:
Placing the tip of the syringe in the side of the child’s mouth is correct because it helps direct the formula to the back of the mouth, reducing the risk of choking.
Choice C rationale:
Burping the child frequently during the feeding is necessary to release any swallowed air, which can help prevent discomfort and spitting up.
Choice D rationale:
Placing the child in a prone position after feeding is incorrect and indicates a need for further instructions. After feeding, the child should be placed in an upright or slightly elevated position to prevent aspiration and reduce the risk of gastroesophageal reflux.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Meconium ileus is a concern in newborns with cystic fibrosis due to thick meconium, which can cause intestinal obstruction. At 16 years old, this complication is not relevant to the client's current condition.
Choice B rationale:
Blood-streaked sputum is a likely finding in a 16-year-old with cystic fibrosis and decreased pulmonary function. Cystic fibrosis leads to mucus accumulation and lung infections, which can cause blood vessels to rupture, resulting in blood-streaked sputum.
Choice C rationale:
Clear breath sounds bilaterally indicate healthy lung function, which is not expected in a client with cystic fibrosis and decreased PFT results. Breath sounds are likely to be diminished due to mucus accumulation.
Choice D rationale:
Dyspnea, or difficulty breathing, is a common symptom in clients with cystic fibrosis and decreased pulmonary function. However, the question asks about the expected findings that the nurse should assess, not a symptom that the client might report.
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