An adult female client has a body mass index of 34.5 kg/m2 and has expressed interest in bariatric surgery. What characteristic of the client's health status may exclude her from being an appropriate surgical candidate?

The client quit smoking 6 months ago.

The client has a strong family history of obesity.

The client drinks six to eight cans of beer daily.

The client has poorly controlled type 2 diabetes.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: The client quitting smoking 6 months ago is not a factor that would exclude her from being an appropriate surgical candidate. In fact, smoking cessation is a requirement for bariatric surgery, as smoking increases the risk of complications such as infection, thrombosis, and poor wound healing.

Choice B reason: The client having a strong family history of obesity is not a factor that would exclude her from being an appropriate surgical candidate. Family history is one of the genetic factors that can contribute to obesity, but it does not determine the eligibility for bariatric surgery. Other factors such as BMI, comorbidities, lifestyle, and motivation are more important.

Choice C reason: The client drinking six to eight cans of beer daily is a factor that would exclude her from being an appropriate surgical candidate. Alcohol abuse is a contraindication for bariatric surgery, as it can cause liver damage, malnutrition, dehydration, and addiction transfer. The client would need to abstain from alcohol for at least 6 months before and after the surgery.

Choice D reason: The client having poorly controlled type 2 diabetes is not a factor that would exclude her from being an appropriate surgical candidate. Type 2 diabetes is one of the comorbidities that can qualify a client for bariatric surgery, as it can improve or resolve after the surgery. However, the client would need to have a good glycemic control before the surgery to reduce the risk of complications.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is not a correct sign of hypervolemia. Increased thirst and dry mucous membranes are signs of dehydration or fluid volume deficit, which can occur due to excessive fluid loss or inadequate fluid intake.

Choice B reason: This is not a correct sign of hypervolemia. Low blood pressure and increased heart rate are signs of hypovolemic shock, which can occur due to severe fluid loss or hemorrhage.

Choice C reason: This is a correct sign of hypervolemia. Difficulty breathing and weight gain are signs of fluid overload, which can occur due to excessive fluid retention or impaired cardiac function. Difficulty breathing can be caused by pulmonary edema, which is the accumulation of fluid in the lungs. Weight gain can be caused by the increase in total body fluid.

Choice D reason: This is not a correct sign of hypervolemia. Dry cough and poor skin turgor are signs of dehydration or fluid volume deficit, which can occur due to excessive fluid loss or inadequate fluid intake.

A. An obese client whose parents and siblings are not obese B. A client with long-standing obesity who has recently been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes C. A client whose obesity has been attributed to a reversible endocrine disorder like hypothyroidism D. A client whose obesity is characterized as android rather than gynoid

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: An obese client whose parents and siblings are not obese may have obesity due to environmental or behavioral factors, such as diet, physical activity, or stress. Medication may not be effective for this type of obesity, and lifestyle changes may be more appropriate.

Choice B reason: A client with long-standing obesity who has recently been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes may have obesity due to insulin resistance, which impairs the body's ability to use glucose and increases fat storage. Medication may help with glucose control, but it may not resolve the obesity. The client may also need to follow a diabetic diet and exercise regimen.

Choice C reason: A client whose obesity has been attributed to a reversible endocrine disorder like hypothyroidism may have obesity due to hormonal imbalance, which affects the metabolism and energy expenditure. Medication may be effective for this type of obesity, as it can restore the normal function of the thyroid gland and increase the metabolic rate.

Choice D reason: A client whose obesity is characterized as android rather than gynoid may have obesity due to genetic or gender factors, such as the distribution of fat in the upper body or the influence of male hormones. Medication may not be effective for this type of obesity, and the client may benefit from other interventions such as surgery or counseling.

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An adult female client has a body mass index of 34.5 kg/m2 and has expressed interest in bariatric surgery. What characteristic of the client's health status may exclude her from being an appropriate surgical candidate?

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