An infant is prescribed digoxin. What should the nurse explain to the parents regarding the action of this medication?

Slows and strengthens the heartbeat

Prevents subacute bacterial endocarditis

Thickens the walls of the myocardium

Increases the heart rate

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Slows and strengthens the heartbeat: Digoxin works by slowing the heart rate and increasing the force of the heart’s contractions. This helps improve cardiac output and is used to treat heart failure and certain types of arrhythmias in infants.

B. Prevents subacute bacterial endocarditis: Digoxin does not prevent subacute bacterial endocarditis. Antibiotics are typically used to prevent endocarditis, not digoxin. Digoxin's action is focused on regulating heart function rather than preventing infections.

C. Thickens the walls of the myocardium: Digoxin does not affect the thickness of the myocardial walls. Its primary action is to improve the heart's pumping efficiency by increasing the strength of contractions and controlling the heart rate.

D. Increases the heart rate: Digoxin slows the heart rate, which is useful for treating conditions like tachycardia. It does not increase the heart rate.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","F"]

Explanation

A. Breast tenderness: Breast tenderness is a common early sign of pregnancy due to hormonal changes, particularly increased estrogen and progesterone. It is a presumptive sign because it is not unique to pregnancy and can occur with other conditions as well.

B. Amenorrhea: Amenorrhea, or the absence of menstruation, is one of the most common early signs of pregnancy. It is considered presumptive because it can also be caused by other factors such as stress, illness, or hormonal imbalances.

C. Frequent urination: Frequent urination occurs due to hormonal changes and increased blood volume, which leads to more fluid being processed by the kidneys. It is considered a presumptive sign of pregnancy, though it can also occur with other conditions like urinary tract infections.

D. Positive pregnancy test: A positive pregnancy test detects the hormone human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), which is a probable sign of pregnancy. It is more definitive than a presumptive sign, but it can sometimes result in false positives due to certain medications or other conditions.

E. Chadwick sign: Chadwick's sign, characterized by the bluish tint of the cervix, vagina, and vulva due to increased blood flow, is a probable sign of pregnancy. It is typically observed by a healthcare provider during a physical examination and suggests pregnancy but is not definitive.

F. Quickening: Quickening is the feeling of fetal movement, which typically occurs between 18 and 20 weeks of pregnancy for first-time mothers. It is a presumptive sign because other conditions, such as gas or muscle spasms, can cause similar sensations.

A. "Your baby's defect is small and will likely close on its own by 1 year of age" B. "With a small defect like this, they wait until the child is 10 years old to do the surgery" C. "It is common for health-care providers to wait until an infant develops respiratory distress before they do surgery" D. "It is always helpful to get a second opinion about any serious condition like this"

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "Your baby's defect is small and will likely close on its own by 1 year of age": Small VSDs often close spontaneously within the first year, and surgery is usually not needed unless the defect is large or causing symptoms.

B. "With a small defect like this, they wait until the child is 10 years old to do the surgery": Surgery for a small VSD is generally not needed unless complications arise. Most close naturally in infancy.

C. "It is common for health-care providers to wait until an infant develops respiratory distress before they do surgery": While respiratory distress is a symptom that might prompt surgical consideration for a VSD, healthcare providers do not wait for a child to develop severe symptoms before intervening. Surgery is considered based on symptoms and defect size.

D. "It is always helpful to get a second opinion about any serious condition like this": A second opinion is not necessary for most small VSDs, which often close on their own. The focus should be on providing accurate information and reassurance.

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An infant is prescribed digoxin. What should the nurse explain to the parents regarding the action of this medication?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client who believes they are pregnant is informing the nurse of their pregnancy signs and symptoms. Which of the following findings would the nurse determine are presumptive signs of pregnancy? Select all that apply

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","F"]

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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