An infant is prescribed digoxin. What should the nurse explain to the parents regarding the action of this medication?

A. Heartburn: Heartburn is a common issue during pregnancy, especially as the pregnancy progresses, due to hormonal changes and pressure from the growing uterus. While uncomfortable, it is not a danger sign requiring immediate medical attention.

B. Vaginal bleeding: Vaginal bleeding is a serious concern during pregnancy, especially in the first and second trimesters. It can indicate complications such as a miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, or placental abruption. It is important to call the healthcare provider immediately if any vaginal bleeding occurs.

C. Fatigue: Fatigue is a common symptom during pregnancy, particularly in the first and third trimesters, due to hormonal changes, increased blood volume, and the body's efforts to support fetal growth. It is generally not a reason to call the office immediately.

D. Once daily emesis upon awakening: Vomiting, especially in the early stages of pregnancy, is common and may be related to morning sickness. While it can be uncomfortable, occasional vomiting in the morning does not typically require immediate medical attention unless it becomes severe or persistent.

A. Prevention of oral infection: While oral infection prevention is important, the main concern for a newborn with cleft lip and palate is ensuring proper nutrition. Difficulty with feeding due to the cleft requires immediate intervention to ensure adequate nourishment before surgery.

B. Visual stimulation: Visual stimulation is beneficial for infant development but is not the primary focus in preoperative care for a newborn with a cleft lip and palate. The priority is addressing feeding challenges that affect the baby’s nutritional intake.

C. Nutrition: Infants with cleft lip and palate often struggle with feeding, making proper nutrition the most critical concern. Special feeding techniques are needed to ensure the infant receives enough nourishment before surgery to promote growth and health.

D. Prevention of pneumonia: Although preventing pneumonia is essential, the immediate focus for a newborn with cleft lip and palate is ensuring adequate nutrition. Nutritional support is necessary to maintain overall health and reduce the risk of complications, including pneumonia.