An older adult patient asks the nurse what caused his cataract. The nurse's response is based on which information?

The usual cause of cataracts in older people is congenital

Cataracts commonly develop when a patient has asthma.

The most common cause of a cataract is an injury to the eye.

The most common cause of a cataract is aging.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   Congenital cataracts are present at birth and are relatively rare. In older adults, cataracts are primarily associated with age-related changes rather than congenital factors.
B.   While certain medications used to treat asthma, like corticosteroids, can contribute to the development of cataracts, asthma itself is not a direct cause of cataracts. This connection is not strong enough to be considered a common cause.
C.   While eye injuries can lead to cataract formation, they are not the most common cause, especially in the older adult population. Most cataracts develop due to age-related changes rather than trauma.
D.   The most prevalent cause of cataracts, especially in older adults, is aging. As people get older, changes in the lens of the eye can lead to clouding, resulting in cataracts. Factors like UV exposure, smoking, and certain medical conditions may also contribute, but aging is the primary and most common factor.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Fluoroquinolones, such as ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin, do not have a known significant interaction with neuromuscular blockers. They can generally be used safely in patients receiving neuromuscular blockade.
B. Aminoglycosides (such as gentamicin, tobramycin, and amikacin) can potentiate the effects of neuromuscular blockers and may lead to increased neuromuscular blockade. This can result in respiratory depression or paralysis, making them contraindicated in patients receiving neuromuscular blockers.
C. Carbapenems (such as meropenem and imipenem) do not typically have a significant interaction with neuromuscular blockers. They can generally be used safely, although careful monitoring is always recommended in patients with neuromuscular blockade.
D. Macrolides (such as azithromycin and erythromycin) do not have a major contraindication with neuromuscular blockers. While they can affect certain neuromuscular transmission processes, they are not typically contraindicated in this context.

A. Diarrhea B. Nausea and vomiting C. Incisional pain D. Paralytic ileus

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Ondansetron is not indicated for treating diarrhea. While nausea can accompany diarrhea, ondansetron specifically targets nausea and vomiting rather than the underlying causes of diarrhea.
B. Ondansetron is primarily used to prevent and treat nausea and vomiting, particularly those associated with chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and postoperative recovery. If a patient is experiencing nausea and vomiting, ondansetron would be the appropriate medication to administer.
C. Ondansetron is not indicated for managing pain. Incisional pain is typically treated with analgesics, not antiemetics. While postoperative patients may experience nausea, ondansetron would not be used solely for pain relief.
D. Paralytic ileus is a condition characterized by the lack of movement in the intestines, leading to a blockage. While nausea and vomiting can occur in this condition, ondansetron is not a treatment for the underlying issue of ileus. The focus would be on managing the ileus and any complications that arise.

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An older adult patient asks the nurse what caused his cataract. The nurse's response is based on which information?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which antimicrobial class would be contraindicated in a client who will be receiving neuromuscular blockade for a surgical procedure?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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