An older man in a cardiac rehabilitation exercise class refuses to participate in the cool-down phase of the activity. Consequently, 2 minutes later, he passes out but quickly regains consciousness. Which instruction does the nurse include in client teaching to reinforce the importance of cooling down after exercising to this man?
Baroreceptor function diminishes with age.
Sensory perception diminishes with age.
Cardiac output diminishes with age.
Mobility capacity decreases with age.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: This is the correct answer because baroreceptor function diminishes with age, and this can affect the regulation of blood pressure and heart rate. Baroreceptors are sensory receptors that detect changes in blood pressure and send signals to the brain to adjust the heart rate and blood vessel tone accordingly. When a person exercises, the blood pressure and heart rate increase to meet the increased oxygen demand of the muscles. When a person stops exercising, the blood pressure and heart rate should decrease gradually to return to the resting state. However, if a person does not cool down properly after exercising, the blood pressure and heart rate can drop suddenly, causing dizziness, fainting, or cardiac arrhythmias. This is especially true for older adults, whose baroreceptors are less sensitive and responsive to blood pressure changes. Therefore, the nurse should instruct the older man to cool down after exercising to prevent these complications.
Choice B reason: This is incorrect because sensory perception diminishes with age, but this is not related to the importance of cooling down after exercising. Sensory perception is the ability to perceive stimuli from the environment, such as sight, hearing, touch, smell, or taste. Sensory perception can decline with age due to various factors, such as age-related changes in the sensory organs, nerve damage, or diseases. This can affect the quality of life, communication, and safety of older adults, but it does not explain why cooling down after exercising is important.
Choice C reason: This is incorrect because cardiac output diminishes with age, but this is not related to the importance of cooling down after exercising. Cardiac output is the amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute, and it depends on the heart rate and the stroke volume. Cardiac output can decline with age due to various factors, such as age-related changes in the heart muscle, valves, or arteries, or diseases. This can affect the ability of the heart to meet the oxygen demand of the body, especially during exercise, but it does not explain why cooling down after exercising is important.
Choice D reason: This is incorrect because mobility capacity decreases with age, but this is not related to the importance of cooling down after exercising. Mobility capacity is the ability to move and perform physical activities, such as walking, climbing stairs, or lifting objects. Mobility capacity can decrease with age due to various factors, such as age-related changes in the muscles, bones, or joints, or diseases. This can affect the functional status, independence, and well-being of older adults, but it does not explain why cooling down after exercising is important.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: This method is not appropriate because it can cause physical and psychological harm to the client. It can injure the client's mouth, trigger a gag reflex, or cause choking. It can also make the client feel violated, frightened, or angry. This can worsen the client's behavior and damage the trust between the client and the caregiver.
Choice B reason: This method is appropriate because it can help the client maintain their dignity, autonomy, and sense of control. It can also stimulate the client's cognitive and motor skills, and encourage the client to participate in their own care. This can improve the client's mood and behavior, and foster a positive relationship between the client and the caregiver.
Choice C reason: This method is not appropriate because it can cause emotional and psychological harm to the client. It can make the client feel disrespected, humiliated, or threatened. It can also increase the client's anxiety, agitation, or resistance. This can worsen the client's behavior and damage the trust between the client and the caregiver.
Choice D reason: This method is not appropriate because it can cause physical and psychological harm to the client. It can injure the client's mouth, trigger a gag reflex, or cause choking. It can also make the client feel ignored, neglected, or devalued. This can worsen the client's behavior and damage the trust between the client and the caregiver.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Histoplasmosis is a fungal infection that affects the lungs, but it is not a chronic condition and does not cause airflow obstruction. It is not included in the diagnosis of COPD.
Choice B reason: Bacterial pneumonia is a bacterial infection that causes inflammation and fluid accumulation in the lungs, but it is not a chronic condition and does not cause permanent damage to the airways. It is not included in the diagnosis of COPD.
Choice C reason: Bronchial asthma is a chronic condition that causes inflammation and narrowing of the airways, resulting in difficulty breathing, wheezing, coughing, and chest tightness. It is one of the main conditions that make up COPD, along with chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
Choice D reason: Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a bacterial infection that causes tuberculosis, a serious disease that affects the lungs and other organs. It is not a chronic condition and does not cause airflow obstruction. It is not included in the diagnosis of COPD.
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