An overweight African-American female client with a diagnosis of hypothyroidism asks the nurse why she has begun to gain body weight. Which is the best explanation the Medical Surgical nurse can provide?

"Your metabolism is slowing down."

"You should be exercising for longer periods of time."

"You could be making healthier food choices."

"You are retaining fluid."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

(a) "Your metabolism is slowing down.":

Hypothyroidism leads to a decrease in the production of thyroid hormones, which are critical in regulating metabolism. With lower levels of these hormones, the body's metabolic rate decreases, resulting in reduced calorie burning and subsequent weight gain. This explanation directly addresses the underlying cause of weight gain in hypothyroidism.

(b) "You should be exercising for longer periods of time.":

While exercise is beneficial for overall health and can help manage weight, it does not directly address the reason for weight gain in hypothyroidism. The primary issue is the slowed metabolism due to thyroid hormone deficiency, not a lack of exercise.

Although diet plays a role in weight management, this response does not explain the root cause of weight gain in hypothyroidism. The condition itself slows metabolism, leading to weight gain even if dietary habits remain unchanged.

(d) "You are retaining fluid.":

Fluid retention can occur in hypothyroidism but is not the primary reason for weight gain in this condition. The main cause is a decreased metabolic rate, which leads to the accumulation of body fat. Fluid retention might contribute to some weight gain, but it is not the best explanation in this context.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

a) The patient is unable to see in half of the visual field (same visual field) in each eye:

Homonymous hemianopsia is a condition where there is a loss of vision in the same side of the visual field in both eyes. This occurs due to damage to the visual pathways after the optic chiasm, often from a stroke or brain injury, resulting in the loss of either the right or left visual field in both eyes.

b) The patient can see from one eye but not through the other one:

This description fits a condition called monocular blindness, which is typically caused by damage to the optic nerve before it reaches the optic chiasm. Homonymous hemianopsia involves both eyes and specific visual fields, not complete loss of vision in one eye.

c) The patient is unable to see in half of the visual field (opposite visual field) in each eye:

This option describes bitemporal hemianopsia, which results in loss of vision in the outer (temporal) fields of both eyes and is often due to damage at the optic chiasm. Homonymous hemianopsia involves the same side of the visual field in both eyes, not the opposite visual fields.

d) No visual impairment:

Homonymous hemianopsia is characterized by significant visual impairment, specifically the loss of half the visual field in both eyes on the same side. Therefore, it is incorrect to say there is no visual impairment with this condition.

A. Improved wound healing B. Allergic reaction in patients with sulfa allergies C. Delayed wound healing D. Increased risk of infection

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Improved wound healing:

While silver sulfadiazine is used to promote wound healing by preventing and treating infections in burn victims, this is not an adverse reaction. This is an intended therapeutic effect of the medication.

B. Allergic reaction in patients with sulfa allergies:

Silver sulfadiazine contains sulfa, and patients who have a sulfa allergy may experience an allergic reaction. This can range from mild skin rashes to severe systemic reactions and is considered a significant adverse reaction.

C. Delayed wound healing:

Silver sulfadiazine is generally used to promote wound healing by preventing bacterial infections. Delayed wound healing is not a common adverse reaction but may occur in some cases due to other underlying factors or if the medication is not effective against certain bacteria.

D. Increased risk of infection:

The primary purpose of silver sulfadiazine is to reduce the risk of infection in burn wounds. An increased risk of infection would indicate a failure of the medication, not an adverse reaction. The correct potential adverse reaction is an allergic response in patients with a known sulfa allergy.

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An overweight African-American female client with a diagnosis of hypothyroidism asks the nurse why she has begun to gain body weight. Which is the best explanation the Medical Surgical nurse can provide?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient is diagnosed with Homonymous Hemianopsia. The nurse expects to find what defects in the visual field of this patient:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which of the following is a potential adverse reaction to silver sulfadiazine in burn victims?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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