Asthma results in what change in the respiratory system?
Paralysis of the bronchial wall.
Increased lumen in the alveoli.
Dilation of the bronchial tress.
Increase in mucus production.
The Correct Answer is D
Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition that affects the airways, causing episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing. The underlying changes in the respiratory system due to asthma include inflammation, increased mucus production, and bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways). Here’s a detailed explanation of how asthma affects the respiratory system and leads to increased mucus production:
Detailed Explanation
Inflammation:
Asthma causes inflammation of the bronchial walls. The airways become swollen and sensitive, responding strongly to various triggers such as allergens, pollutants, cold air, or exercise.
- Bronchoconstriction:
The muscles around the bronchi (the large air passages leading from the trachea to the lungs) tighten, causing the airways to narrow. This constriction makes it difficult for air to flow in and out of the lungs.
Increased Mucus Production:
In response to the inflammation, the goblet cells and submucosal glands in the bronchial walls produce excess mucus. This mucus is thicker and stickier than normal, contributing to the obstruction of the airways. The buildup of mucus further narrows the airways and makes it harder to breathe.
Airway Remodeling:
Over time, chronic inflammation can lead to structural changes in the airways, known as airway remodeling. This includes thickening of the airway walls, increased smooth muscle mass, and more mucus-producing cells, which perpetuates the cycle of airway obstruction and difficulty breathing.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Supportive friends and family members play a crucial role in the recovery process for individuals with depression. Social support can provide emotional comfort, reduce feelings of isolation, and encourage adherence to treatment plans. Having a strong support network can significantly improve mental health outcomes.
Choice B reason:
Attending outpatient therapy or a partial hospital program offers structured support and treatment for individuals with depression. These programs provide access to mental health professionals, group therapy, and other therapeutic activities that can help manage symptoms and promote recovery. They offer a higher level of care than standard outpatient visits but do not require full hospitalization.
Choice C reason:
Consistent daily structure and exercise that is not overwhelming can help manage depression by providing routine and physical activity. Regular exercise has been shown to improve mood, reduce anxiety, and increase overall well-being. Establishing a daily routine can also help individuals with depression feel more in control and reduce feelings of chaos or unpredictability.
Choice D reason:
A well-balanced diet and restful sleep are essential components of mental health. Proper nutrition supports brain function and overall health, while adequate sleep is crucial for emotional regulation and cognitive function. Addressing these basic needs can help improve mood and energy levels, making it easier to cope with depression.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The autonomic nervous system controls the firing of the sinus node (sinoatrial node) by regulating heart rate and rhythm. It adjusts the rate at which the sinus node generates electrical impulses, influencing the start and pace of the cardiac cycle.
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