Asthma results in what change in the respiratory system?
Paralysis of the bronchial wall.
Increased lumen in the alveoli.
Dilation of the bronchial tress.
Increase in mucus production.
The Correct Answer is D
Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition that affects the airways, causing episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing. The underlying changes in the respiratory system due to asthma include inflammation, increased mucus production, and bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways). Here’s a detailed explanation of how asthma affects the respiratory system and leads to increased mucus production:
Detailed Explanation
Inflammation:
Asthma causes inflammation of the bronchial walls. The airways become swollen and sensitive, responding strongly to various triggers such as allergens, pollutants, cold air, or exercise.
- Bronchoconstriction:
The muscles around the bronchi (the large air passages leading from the trachea to the lungs) tighten, causing the airways to narrow. This constriction makes it difficult for air to flow in and out of the lungs.
Increased Mucus Production:
In response to the inflammation, the goblet cells and submucosal glands in the bronchial walls produce excess mucus. This mucus is thicker and stickier than normal, contributing to the obstruction of the airways. The buildup of mucus further narrows the airways and makes it harder to breathe.
Airway Remodeling:
Over time, chronic inflammation can lead to structural changes in the airways, known as airway remodeling. This includes thickening of the airway walls, increased smooth muscle mass, and more mucus-producing cells, which perpetuates the cycle of airway obstruction and difficulty breathing.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
The exchange of gases in the lungs occurs in the alveoli. These tiny air sacs are where oxygen is transferred from the air into the blood and carbon dioxide is transferred from the blood to the air to be exhaled.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Iron is a critical component of hemoglobin in red blood cells. An inadequate intake of iron can lead to iron deficiency anemia, which results in a decrease in the quantity of circulating red blood cells.
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