Calculate the flow rate in ml/hr and gtt/min using the formula method 500 mL D5W in 6hr. Drop factor: 15 gtt/mL.

Given:
Volume of fluid: 50 mL
Infusion time: 1 hour (60 minutes)
Drop factor: 15 gtt/mL

Formula:
Flow rate (gtt/min) = (Volume (mL) / Time (min)) x Drop factor (gtt/mL)

Step 1: Calculate the infusion rate in mL/min:
Infusion rate (mL/min) = Volume (mL) / Time (min)
Infusion rate (mL/min) = 50 mL / 60 min
Infusion rate (mL/min) = 0.83 mL/min

Step 2: Calculate the flow rate in gtt/min:
Flow rate (gtt/min) = Infusion rate (mL/min) x Drop factor (gtt/mL)
Flow rate (gtt/min) = 0.83 mL/min x 15 gtt/mL
Flow rate (gtt/min) = 12.5 gtt/min

Step 3: Round to the nearest whole number:
Flow rate (gtt/min) ≈ 13 gtt/min

A) Vomiting:
Vomiting is a common symptom of digoxin toxicity. It occurs as a result of the toxic effects of digoxin on the gastrointestinal system. It is often one of the first symptoms that precede more severe signs of toxicity, such as arrhythmias and changes in vision. Vomiting, nausea, and anorexia are classic early signs of digoxin toxicity.

B) Nausea:
Nausea is another early sign of digoxin toxicity. It occurs due to the direct effects of the drug on the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system. Along with vomiting, nausea is a frequently observed symptom and often occurs before more severe manifestations like arrhythmias or confusion.

C) Blurred Vision:
Blurred vision, or seeing yellow or green halos around lights, is a hallmark sign of digoxin toxicity. This visual disturbance occurs due to the effect of digoxin on the optic nerve and the retina. This symptom is particularly important in identifying digoxin toxicity, as it is not commonly seen in other conditions.

D) Headache:
While headache may occur in a variety of clinical conditions, it is not typically a direct symptom of digoxin toxicity. Although some patients may experience headache due to general discomfort or the effects of vomiting and nausea, it is not a classic or primary indicator of digoxin toxicity. Therefore, headache is not as strongly associated with digoxin toxicity as vomiting, nausea, and blurred vision are.
E) Muscle aches:
Muscle aches are not a typical symptom of digoxin toxicity. While generalized weakness may occur due to the cardiac effects of digoxin, muscle aches are not specifically associated with toxicity.