Carol, who is in her early seventies, sometimes struggles to find the right word in conversation. She is often slow to answer questions, although she usually answers correctly. Carol's impairments are most likely due to which of the following?
A decrease in crystallized intelligence
Hearing loss
A decrease in processing speed
Intellectual disability
Dementia
The Correct Answer is C
A. A decrease in crystallized intelligence: Crystallized intelligence (knowledge, vocabulary) is typically preserved or increases with age, so this is unlikely.
B. Hearing loss: Hearing loss can slow conversational response, but Carol usually answers correctly (just slowly), suggesting cognitive processing slowdown rather than a perceptual problem.
C. A decrease in processing speed: age-related slowing of processing speed commonly causes slower retrieval and response times while accuracy remains relatively intact.
D. Intellectual disability: Intellectual disability is lifelong and present from childhood, so it doesn’t explain late-life onset of slow word retrieval.
E. Dementia: Dementia would produce broader and progressively worsening impairment (memory, judgment); isolated slow retrieval with preserved accuracy is more consistent with normal aging-related speed decline.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Overregularization: Applying regular grammatical rules (-ed) to an irregular past-tense verb (“goed” instead of “went”) is classic overregularization.
B. Overextension: Overextension is using a word too broadly (e.g., calling all animals “doggie”); Jonah’s error is morphological, not lexical over-broadening.
C. Underextension: Underextension is using a word too narrowly (e.g., using “dog” only for the family pet), not relevant here.
D. Fast mapping: Fast mapping is rapid initial word-meaning acquisition after limited exposure; Jonah’s utterance shows rule application, not initial word learning.
E. Syntactic bootstrapping: Syntactic bootstrapping is inferring word meaning from sentence structure; Jonah’s mistake is a morphological error, not use of syntax to infer meaning.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Imitation: Piaget described imitation (especially in the sensorimotor stage) as a basic mechanism by which children learn from others; social learning depends heavily on the ability to imitate.
B. Object permanence: Object permanence is the understanding that objects continue to exist when out of sight; it’s about memory/representation, not directly about learning from others.
C. Animism: Animism (attributing life/intent to inanimate things) is a cognitive tendency in early childhood, not a mechanism for social learning.
D. Centration: Centration is the tendency to focus on one aspect of a situation (a limitation in preoperational thought), not a process that enables social learning.
E. Conservation: Conservation is the understanding that quantity stays the same despite changes in appearance; it’s a logical concept, not directly tied to social learning.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.