Congenital disorders refer to conditions that are present at birth.

These disorders may be inherited and caused by environmental factors or maternal malnutrition.

Toxic exposures have the greatest effect on development between 15 and 60 days of gestation.

For the nurse to be able to conduct a complete assessment of the newly pregnant patient, she should understand the significance of exposure to known human teratogens.

These include (Select all that apply.)

Drugs.

Infections.

Radiation.

Maternal genetic conditions.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C

Choice A rationale
Drugs, such as thalidomide and isotretinoin, are known teratogens that can cause congenital anomalies by interfering with the normal development of the embryo or fetus during critical periods.
Choice B rationale
Infections, such as rubella and cytomegalovirus, are known teratogens that can lead to congenital disorders by causing inflammation, cell damage, and disruption of normal fetal development.
Choice C rationale
Radiation exposure, particularly in high doses during critical periods of organogenesis, is a known teratogen that can result in congenital anomalies such as microcephaly, growth restriction, and intellectual disability.
Choice D rationale
Maternal genetic conditions are not considered teratogens. Teratogens are external agents that cause developmental abnormalities, whereas genetic conditions are inherited and involve genetic mutations or chromosomal abnormalities.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Quickening, the first fetal movements felt by the mother, typically occurs between 16 and 20 weeks of gestation, so she should expect to feel fluttering sensations within the next month.
Choice B rationale
At 15 weeks of gestation, it is too early for most first-time mothers to feel fetal movements. Quickening usually occurs between 16 and 20 weeks, so she has not missed the window.
Choice C rationale
While some fetal movements may be subtle, it is inaccurate to suggest that some babies are entirely quiet. Quickening is generally felt by most mothers between 16 and 20 weeks.
Choice D rationale
The baby is indeed moving, but fetal movements are usually not felt until 16 to 20 weeks of gestation in first-time pregnancies, so it is normal not to feel them yet at 15 weeks.

A. Women with inadequate weight gain have an increased risk of delivering an infant with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). B. Greater than expected weight gain during pregnancy is almost always attributable to old-fashioned overeating. C. In pregnancy, the woman’s height is not a factor in determining her target weight. D. Obese women may have health concerns, but the risk of delivering a child with major congenital defects is the same as with women of normal weight.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Inadequate weight gain during pregnancy can lead to intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), where the fetus does not grow as expected.
Choice B rationale
Excess weight gain is not solely due to overeating; it can result from edema, gestational diabetes, or other metabolic factors.
Choice C rationale
Height is a factor in determining a pregnant woman’s target weight range, influencing the overall recommended weight gain.
Choice D rationale
Obese women have higher risks of complications, including gestational diabetes and hypertensive disorders, differing from normal weight women.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A woman is 15 weeks pregnant with her first baby. She asks how long it will be before she feels the baby move. The best answer is:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

With regard to weight gain during pregnancy, the nurse should be aware of which important information?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is aware that labor and birth will most likely proceed normally when the fetal position is:

The client has been having contractions every 5 minutes for 7 hours. Which factor would the nurse use to determine if this is true labor?

A multipara in latent phase of labor experiences spontaneous rupture of membranes while walking. Which is the first priority nursing action?

Which occurrence is related to cervical dilation and effacement?

A woman attends a prenatal visit and is told to start taking a folic acid supplement. The Nurse Practitioner explains that this is to prevent:

A woman in labor has just received an epidural block. The most important nursing intervention is to:

Which factor would alert the nurse that a pregnant woman is at risk for the development of toxoplasmosis?