During a family picnic, a relative of a nurse asks what they should do if there is blood in their urine and some pain in their lower abdomen. The best advise the nurse could give this family member would be which intervention?

Increase their intake of cranberry juice and other fluids

Wait and see if it goes away without treatment

Go to the emergency room right away

Get an appointment with their family provider

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Increase their intake of cranberry juice and other fluids: While cranberry juice and increased fluids may help prevent or relieve mild urinary tract infections, the presence of blood in the urine (hematuria) and lower abdominal pain may indicate a more serious condition that requires professional evaluation rather than home remedies alone.

B. Wait and see if it goes away without treatment: Ignoring hematuria and pain can delay diagnosis and treatment of potentially serious conditions such as infections, stones, or other urinary tract problems. Prompt assessment is important to prevent complications.

C. Go to the emergency room right away: Unless symptoms are severe, such as uncontrollable pain, fever, or signs of systemic infection, immediate emergency care may not be necessary. However, timely medical evaluation is still essential.

D. Get an appointment with their family provider: This is the most appropriate advice because a healthcare provider can perform necessary assessments, such as history, physical exam, and diagnostic tests, to determine the cause of hematuria and pain and initiate appropriate treatment.

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

A. Itching: Pruritus typically develops during the icteric phase of hepatitis when bilirubin accumulates in the tissues. It is not considered an early or prodromal symptom but occurs later as jaundice becomes evident.

B. Vomiting: Nausea and vomiting are common prodromal symptoms of hepatitis due to liver inflammation and its impact on digestion. These gastrointestinal symptoms often occur before jaundice or other late signs become apparent.

C. Fatigue: Fatigue is one of the most frequently reported early symptoms of hepatitis. It results from the body's immune response and reduced liver function and may begin days or weeks before jaundice or dark urine appears.

D. Jaundice: Jaundice typically marks the transition to the icteric phase of hepatitis and follows the prodromal phase. It appears as liver dysfunction progresses and bilirubin accumulates in the bloodstream and tissues.

E. Hyperalgia (increased sensitivity to pain): Increased pain sensitivity, particularly in the upper right quadrant, can occur early in hepatitis due to liver inflammation. This symptom may accompany general malaise and precedes more visible signs like jaundice.

A. Exercise soon after eating to increase gastric emptying B. Try these proton-pump inhibitors for 2 weeks C. You need to schedule an upper Gl endoscopy soon D. Over-the-counter antiemetics work well for this condition

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Exercise soon after eating to increase gastric emptying: Physical activity immediately after meals may actually worsen reflux symptoms by increasing intra-abdominal pressure and promoting acid reflux.

B. Try these proton-pump inhibitors for 2 weeks: Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) are a first-line treatment for GERD. They reduce gastric acid production, promoting symptom relief and esophageal healing.

C. You need to schedule an upper GI endoscopy soon: Endoscopy is not immediately necessary unless there are alarm symptoms like dysphagia, weight loss, or bleeding. Initial management focuses on medication and lifestyle changes.

D. Over-the-counter antiemetics work well for this condition: Antiemetics are not effective in treating the underlying cause of GERD, which is acid reflux, not nausea or vomiting. They would not effectively treat the heartburn or esophageal inflammation associated with GERD.

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During a family picnic, a relative of a nurse asks what they should do if there is blood in their urine and some pain in their lower abdomen. The best advise the nurse could give this family member would be which intervention?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which are the early (prodromal) clinical manifestations of hepatitis. (Select all that apply).

Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

A patient has been diagnosed with reflux esophagitis (GERD). What instruction by the nurse professional is most appropriate?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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